Canine diabetes mellitus: can old dogs teach us new tricks?

Abstract

Background: Diabetes is common in dogs, with an estimated prevalence of 0.32% in the UK. Clinical signs, as in man, include polydipsia, polyuria and weight loss, associated with hyperglycaemia and glucosuria. Diabetes typically occurs in dogs between 5 and 12 years of age, and is uncommon under 3 years of age. Breeds

Spontaneous Diabetes Mellitus in Animals

“…Several studies concluded that females are prone to diabetes (more than 70% of diagnosed cases) [37]. These results are controversial with other studies which conclude that the number of females and male with diabetes is almost equal [44]. The aforementioned studies highlight that ovariohisterectomy in the first year of life seems to eradicate diabetes, the particular hormonal status of the dam being the cause of diabetes onset.…”

“…Epidemiological studies on canine diabetes conducted in different part of the world concluded that the disease is diagnosed mainly in Samoyed, Cairn Terrier, Tibetan Terrier, Australian Terrier, Miniature Poodle and Schnauzer, Bichon Frise, Border Collie and some of the Scandinavian breeds (table 1) [37,44,45]. In addition, other papers complete the list with Labrador retriever, Yorkshire terrier, Spitz, Lhasa Apso, Beagle and Dachshund.…”

“…Popular breeds as Boxer and German shepherd seem to be resistant. Generally, canine diabetes mellitus is clinically diagnosed in dogs with 4-18 years of age, the median age at diagnosis being 7-9 years [37,[44][45][46]. Swedish study [37] UK study [44] North America study [ Juvenile onset of the disease is an uncommon event and it has been recorded in dogs with less than 12 months of age [47][48][49].…”

“…Destruction of -cells via autoantibodies may be considered, this being characteristic for 50% of newly diagnosed dogs [51]. Comparing with IDDM in human and cattle some diabetic dog express serological reactivity to 65kDa isoform of GAD and/or insulinoma antigen 2 (IA-2) [44,52].…”

Patologias Pancreáticas Em Cães: Revisão De Literatura

“…Levando em consideração este fatores, os sinais clínicos da doença dependem do tipo, do grau e das condições precedentes ao início da deficiência de insulina, embora os sinais mais frequentes sejam poliúria, polidipsia, polifagia e glicosúria (FARIA, 2007). Catchpole et al (2005) classificam o Diabetes mellitus dos cães em diabetes por deficiência de insulina e diabetes por resistência à insulina. Entretanto, segundo Fall (2009) esta classificação possui alguns inconvenientes, já que a maioria dos casos permanece como idiopáticos e que alguns cães passam do estado de resistente à insulina para deficiente de insulina, devido efeito tóxico da glicose.…”