Canine leishmaniosis in three consecutive generations of dogs in Czech Republic

Svobodová, Vlasta; Svoboda, M.; Friedlaenderova, Lucia; Drahotsky, Petr; Boháčová, E.; Baneth, Gad

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.02.025

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, L. infantum antibody and molecular prevalence is usually considered lower in cats compared to dogs as well as cases of FeL are more rare Pennisi et al, 2015a). Sporadic or rare occurrence of both CanL and FeL in non-endemic areas can be the consequence of rehoming or travelling of companion animals (Solano-Gallego et al, 2009;Pennisi, 2015;Cleare et al, 2014;Svobodova et al, 2017;Richter et al, 2014;Rüfenacht et al, 2005;Best et al, 2014). Other Leishmania species are found in both dogs and cats in the New World (Leishmania amazonensis, Leishmania braziliensis, Leishmania mexicana, Leishmania venezuelensis) (Solano-Gallego et al, 2009;Pennisi et al, 2015a).…”

Section: Etiology Diffusion and Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Non-vectorial transmission ways of CanL are now well known and responsible for autochtonous cases in non-endemic areas (Solano-Gallego et al, 2009;Karkamo et al, 2014;Naucke et al, 2016;Svobodova et al, 2017) but similar information about FeL is lacking. However, blood transfusion could be a source of infection in cats as it is proven in dogs and humans.…”

Section: Etiology Diffusion and Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feline leishmaniosis: Is the cat a small dog?

Pennisi¹,

Persichetti

2018

Veterinary Parasitology

135

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Leishmania infantum is a vector-borne zoonotic disease transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies and dogs are considered the main reservoir of the parasite. Feline leishmaniosis (FeL) caused by L. infantum is an emergent feline disease more and more frequently reported in endemic areas. This review summarizes current knowledge focusing similarities and differences with canine leishmaniosis (CanL). Cats are infected by the same Leishmania species than dogs but prevalence of the infection is lower and cases of disease are less frequently reported. Scarce information is available on adaptive immune response of cats naturally exposed to L. infantum infection and mechanisms responsible for susceptibility or resistance of feline hosts. However, about half of clinical cases of FeL are reported in cats with possible impaired immunocompetence. Coinfections or comorbidities are frequently detected in sick cats and they can contribute to a misrepresentation of clinical FeL albeit lesions associated with the presence of the parasite have been detected in skin, lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, liver, oral mucosa, stomach, large bowel, kidney, nasal exudate, lung, eye. As for dogs, skin or mucocutaneous lesions are the most common reason for veterinary consultation and finding on physical examination in cats with leishmaniosis. Molecular investigations of Leishmania DNA and anti- Leishmania antibody detection are largely used with the same methodologies for both CanL and FeL, however few information is available about their diagnostic performance in feline hosts. Treatment of cats with clinical FeL is still empirically based and off label by using the most common drugs prescribed to dogs. Life expectancy of cats with clinical FeL is usually good unless concurrent conditions or complications occur and prognosis does not seem significantly influenced by therapy or retroviral coinfection. According to current knowledge, cats can play a role as additional reservoir host of L. infantum and, in a « One Health » perspective, preventative measures should be taken. In conclusion, albeit feline infection and the associated cat disease caused by L. infantum is increasingly reported in endemic areas and have many similarities with CanL, consolidated evidence-based knowledge is not available and we cannot exclude that important differences between dogs and cats exist about transmission, immunopathogenesis and best practice for management and prevention.

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Section: Etiology Diffusion and Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Etiology Diffusion and Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline leishmaniosis: Is the cat a small dog?

Pennisi¹,

Persichetti

2018

Veterinary Parasitology

135

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“…Intriguingly, the occurrence of autochthonous cases of VL in places where the presence of phlebotomine has not been proven suggests other routes of transmission. Although non-sand fly transmission is reputed to be low, several studies have clearly shown the potential impact of nontraditional transmission routes in CanL, particularly sexual (venereal) and transplacental (vertical) transmission, which may have epidemiological significance in the dissemination and maintenance of disease, especially in the absence of the biological insect vector [ 48 ].…”

Section: Transmission and Life Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Canine Leishmaniasis: An Overview of the Current Status and Strategies for Control

Ribeiro

Michalick

Silva

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

128

109

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Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a vector-borne disease caused by Leishmania infantum and is transmitted by female phlebotomine sand flies primarily between animals and secondarily to humans. The course of infection may be different from one individual dog to another, ranging from spontaneous cure to acute evolution that leads to death, if proper management and therapy are not adopted. A parasitological cure is rarely achieved and clinical recurrences in CanL are frequent. Vaccination associated with the use of topical insecticides is undoubtedly the most effective form of prevention and control of the disease. In order to integrate the most important scientific knowledge of the literature in one objective publication, this review proposes a short overview of the main points of CanL.

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“…Multiple drivers affect canine welfare worldwide including natural disasters [1], persecution of street dogs [2], the canine meat trade [3], the practice of acquiring pet dogs as puppies bred in high production, commercial facilities, often in geographically remote locations [4,5] and travelling dogs brought for mating [6]. Public desire to adopt dogs from abroad that have often had their welfare compromised by these events is increasing.…”

Section: Summary Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other risks associated with geographically distant rehoming of dogs include behavioural issues and spread of zoonotic parasitic, viral and bacterial infections, such as Leishmania spp. [6,13], rabies [14], Brucella spp. [15] or Leptospira spp.…”

Section: Summary Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasites and vector-borne diseases disseminated by rehomed dogs

et al. 2020

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The Companion Vector-Borne Diseases (CVBD) World Forum is a working group of leading international experts who meet annually to evaluate current scientific findings and future trends concerning the distribution, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and prevention of vector-borne infections of dogs and cats. At the 14th Symposium of the CVBD World Forum in Trieste, Italy (March 25–28, 2019), we identified the need to (i) bring attention to the potential spread of parasites and vectors with relocated dogs, and (ii) provide advice to the veterinary profession regarding the importance of surveillance and treatment for parasites and vector-borne infections when rehoming dogs. This letter shares a consensus statement from the CVBD World Forum as well as a summary of the problem faced, including the role of veterinary professionals in parasite surveillance, causal issues, and the importance of interdisciplinary cooperation in addressing the problem. To limit opportunities for dissemination of parasites and vectors, whenever possible, underlying problems creating the need for dog rehoming should be addressed. However, when it is necessary to rehome dogs, this should ideally take place in the country and national region of origin. When geographically distant relocation occurs, veterinary professionals have a vital role to play in public education, vigilance for detection of exotic vectors and infections, and alerting the medical community to the risk(s) for pathogen spread. With appropriate veterinary intervention, dog welfare needs can be met without inadvertently allowing global spread of parasites and their vectors.

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Canine leishmaniosis in three consecutive generations of dogs in Czech Republic

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

Feline leishmaniosis: Is the cat a small dog?

Feline leishmaniosis: Is the cat a small dog?

Canine Leishmaniasis: An Overview of the Current Status and Strategies for Control

Parasites and vector-borne diseases disseminated by rehomed dogs

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