Canine model of ischemic stroke with permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion: clinical and histopathological findings

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to assess the clinical and histopathological findings in a canine model of ischemic stroke. Cerebral ischemic stroke was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion in four healthy beagle dogs using silicone plugs. They showed neurological signs of forebrain dysfunction such as reduced responsiveness, head turning, circling, postural reaction deficits, perceptual deficits, and hemianopsia. These signs gradually regressed within 4 weeks without therapy. On magnetic resonance imaging, T2 hyperintensity and T1 hypointensity were found in the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia. These lesions were well-defined and sharply demarcated from adjacent brain parenchyma with a homogenous appearance. No abnormalities of the cerebrospinal fluid were observed. At necropsy, atrophic and necrotic lesions were observed in the cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and thalamus were partially unstained with triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride. Histopathologically, typical features of infarction were identified in cortical and thalamic lesions. This study demonstrates that our canine model resembles the conditions of real stroke patients.

Histopathological Investigation of Different MCAO Modalities and Impact of Autologous Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cell Administration in an Ovine Stroke Model

“…This is in accordance to findings in humans, where the presence of these cells is typical for chronic stage after stroke [51] and can persist up to 53 years. Differences in the cellular component of post-stroke inflammation were reported in other large animal models, in which a dominance of leukocytes with polymorph-shaped nuclei was observed [52] after stroke induction using a suture model. In the reactive and remote zones of the infarct, typical signs of neuronal alterations were observed in sheep, including axonal degeneration (spheroids) in white matter.…”

In Vivo MR Imaging of Intraarterially Delivered Magnetically Labeled Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Canine Stroke Model

“…We choose beagle dog for IA transplantation because it is structurally similar to the human brain, has little variation in the size of the brain specimens and in the diameters of intracranial arteries despite the range of weight and technically easy for transfemoral catheterization of carotid artery [20], [22]. In our previous study [20], an embolic stroke model resembling lacunar infarction was got by proximal MCA occlusion in beagle dogs.…”

Advances in Diagnostic and Treatment Modalities for Intracranial Tumors

“…60 MRS techniques have been described in normal canine brain, 72,74 and experimentally in canine models of nonneoplastic brain disease. [75][76][77] Positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography are functional imaging techniques that allow for qualitative and quantitative measurement of tissue metabolism together with anatomic localization after image fusion with CT or MR images. The most commonly used tracer is 2-deoxy-2[ 18 F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG), which reflects increased glucose metabolism in brain tissue or tumors.…”