Canine neosporosis: perspectives on pathogenesis and management

Silva, Rodrigo da; Machado, Gustavo Puglia

doi:10.2147/vmrr.s76969

Cited by 36 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Also, four out of the six patients diagnosed with CNS neosporosis were fed (occasionally or regularly) with raw meat. This is suspicious of a relationship between this type of diet and the infection (horizontal transmission), but because the diets were not tested for N caninum this is speculative 20…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine central nervous system neosporosis: clinical, laboratory and diagnostic imaging findings in six dogs

Didiano¹,

Monti²,

Taeymans³

et al. 2020

Vet Record Case Reports

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This report describes the clinical, neurological, laboratory and imaging findings in six dogs affected by CNS neosporosis and reviews previous publications. All dogs were born in England and never travelled outside the UK. Cerebellar and proprioceptive ataxia were the most common presenting neurological deficits. Markedly elevated creatine kinase in the serum was detected in four of the six dogs. Increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein concentration and mixed pleocytosis were present in five of the six dogs. Abnormal MRI findings were detected in five of the six dogs. The diagnosis was based on positive antibody titres on serum (1:800 or above) and positive PCR on CSF. All patients were treated with a combination of clindamycin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The clinical signs improved in all six cases. One dog developed hypothyroidism and another one died due to liver disease of unknown causes, respectively six and eight months after initial presentation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine central nervous system neosporosis: clinical, laboratory and diagnostic imaging findings in six dogs

Didiano¹,

Monti²,

Taeymans³

et al. 2020

Vet Record Case Reports

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“…The main limitations to the use of serological tests in the diagnosis of canine neosporosis are that it takes 2-3 weeks for antibodies to be detectable in recently infected animals and the fact that some dogs shedding fecal oocysts actually do not have detectable antibody titers [24]. As a result, some false positives and negatives may occur.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiological survey of Neospora caninum and its risk factors in farm dogs in Nakuru district, Kenya

et al. 2016

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Aim:The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of Neospora caninum (NC) and its risk factors in farm dogs in Kenya.Materials and Methods:As part of a longitudinal study on dairy cattle abortion in 2010 in Kenya, serum samples were collected from 84 dogs in 53 randomly selected dairy cattle farms to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors of seropositivity for NC.Results:15 (17.9%) of the dogs were seropositive to NC antibodies, and at least one seropositive dog was found in 12 (22.6%) of the 53 farms. The final multivariable logistic regression model identified free-roaming as the only factor significantly associated with seropositivity (odds ratio=4.48; p=0.03).Conclusion:The findings of this study indicate that canine neosporosis does exist in Kenya and that farmers should restrict their dogs from roaming to reduce the risk of their dogs becoming a reservoir for NC. More studies need to be carried out to determine the reproductive effects of NC on dairy cattle in Kenya.

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“…Several helminths and protozoa have been proposed as potential pathogenic risks for raw‐fed cats and dogs and/or for in‐contact owners and livestock. These include: Neosporum caninum , Sarcocystis species, Toxoplasma gondii , Isospora species, Cryptosporidium parvum , Giardia , Echinococcus granulosus , Echinococcus multilocularis , Taenia hydatigena , Taenia ovis and Trichinella species (LeJeune & Hancock , Macpherson , Silva & Machado , van Bree et al ). There are well‐characterised risks to humans or livestock from pets shedding some of these strains, but useful data on the risks posed by raw pet food with respect to these organisms is sparse.…”

Section: Risks Of Raw Feedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raw diets for dogs and cats: a review, with particular reference to microbiological hazards

Davies

Lawes

Wales

2019

J of Small Animal Practice

133

121

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There is a recent trend to feed pet dogs and cats in Britain and other developed countries on raw meat and animal by‐products using either commercial preparations or home recipes. This shift from heat‐treated processed food has been driven by perceived health benefits to pets and a suspicion of industrially produced pet food. The diets of wild‐living related species have been used as a rationale for raw feeding, but differences in biology and lifestyle impose limitations on such comparisons. Formal evidence does exist for claims by raw‐feeding proponents of an altered intestinal microbiome and (subjectively) improved stool quality. However, there is currently neither robust evidence nor identified plausible mechanisms for many of the wide range of other claimed benefits. There are documented risks associated with raw feeding, principally malnutrition (inexpert formulation and testing of diets) and infection affecting pets and/or household members. Surveys in Europe and North America have consistently found Salmonella species in a proportion of samples, typically of fresh‐frozen commercial diets. Another emerging issue concerns the risk of introducing antimicrobial‐resistant bacteria. Raw pet food commonly exceeds hygiene thresholds for counts of Enterobacteriaceae. These bacteria often encode resistance to critically important antibiotics such as extended‐spectrum cephalosporins, and raw‐fed pets create an elevated risk of shedding such resistant bacteria. Other infectious organisms that may be of concern include Listeria, shiga toxigenic E scherichia coli , parasites such as Toxoplasma gondii and exotic agents such as the zoonotic livestock pathogen Brucella suis, recently identified in European Union and UK raw pet meat imported from Argentina.

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Canine neosporosis: perspectives on pathogenesis and management

Cited by 36 publications

References 118 publications

Canine central nervous system neosporosis: clinical, laboratory and diagnostic imaging findings in six dogs

Canine central nervous system neosporosis: clinical, laboratory and diagnostic imaging findings in six dogs

Seroepidemiological survey of Neospora caninum and its risk factors in farm dogs in Nakuru district, Kenya

Raw diets for dogs and cats: a review, with particular reference to microbiological hazards

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