Canine orbital rhabdomyosarcoma: a report of 18 cases

Scott, Erin M.; Teixeira, Leandro; Flanders, David J.; Dubielzig, Richard R.; McLellan, Gillian J.

doi:10.1111/vop.12270

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Orbital rhabdomyosarcoma has been relatively well described in a previous retrospective study in canines. It shares many clinical similarities with the present case of retrobulbar leiomyosarcoma [8]. Therefore, IHC staining using antibodies against smooth muscle actin is essential for distinguishing periorbital leiomyosarcomas from other types of undifferentiated myogenic sarcomas.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Primary Retrobulbar Leiomyosarcoma in a Dog: A Case Report

Song

Jung

2020

Veterinary Sciences

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A 2-year-old female Mongrel dog weighing 3.12 kg presented with a 2-month history of progressive exophthalmos of the left eye and periorbital swelling. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of the affected tissue revealed atypical cells of suspected malignant mesenchymal tumor origin. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed an ill-demarcated soft tissue mass in the left retrobulbar space extending into the nasal cavity and into the frontal lobes of the brain with destruction of the adjacent cribriform plate and the basisphenoid bone. Histopathological features of the tumor were consistent with the diagnosis of undifferentiated sarcoma. The tumor cells were immunoreactive for vimentin, smooth muscle actin, and desmin and negative for S100. These findings were mostly consistent with leiomyosarcoma arising from the smooth muscle on the retrobulbar tissues. Primary retrobulbar leiomyosarcoma is an extremely rare tumor in dogs. To expand our knowledge of retrobulbar leiomyosarcoma in dogs, we have described its clinical, diagnostic imaging, histopathological, and immunohistochemical characteristics in a dog.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Primary Retrobulbar Leiomyosarcoma in a Dog: A Case Report

Song

Jung

2020

Veterinary Sciences

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“…Thirty‐two percent of the dogs in this study had orbital RMS, a location described previously in a case series of 18 dogs 12 . The potential for RMS to appear as a round cell tumour was not described in that report.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…not be readily recognized by veterinary diagnostic pathologists. IHC, including markers for desmin, vimentin, SMA, muscle specific actin (MSA), myoglobin, myosin and CD18, can play a critical role in the diagnosis of RMS.Thirty-two percent of the dogs in this study had orbital RMS, a location described previously in a case series of 18 dogs 12. The potential for RMS to appear as a round cell tumour was not described in that report.…”

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confidence: 68%

“…RMS are rare tumours in dogs with only a limited number of cases reported in the literature; however, they appear to occur more commonly in young dogs 3‐11 . Recently, a predilection for the retrobulbar space has been described; in dogs younger than 4 years of age, this disease appears to exhibit a particularly aggressive clinical course with a very short survival time 12 . In people, RMS accounts for 5% to 10% of all paediatric tumours and greater than 50% of paediatric STS with 250 new cases in children each year in the United States 2,13,14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological behaviour and ezrin expression in canine rhabdomyosarcomas: 25 cases (1990‐2012)

Connell

Rodríguez

Sternberg

et al. 2020

Vet Comparative Oncology

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There are few published reports of canine rhabdomyosarcomas. In human paediatrics, rhabdomyosarcomas account for 5%-10% of all tumours and >50% of soft tissue sarcomas. They have an aggressive biologic behaviour; most patients develop diffuse metastatic disease. Ezrin, a cytoskeleton linker protein, has been correlated with metastasis in a number of tumours, including rhabdomyosarcomas. The goal of this study was to describe dogs with non-urinary rhabdomyosarcomas including clinical findings, ezrin expression and outcome. Twenty-five dogs with rhabdomyosarcomas were identified from two institutions' databases. Signalment, primary tumour location, cytologic and histologic findings, metastatic sites, treatments, survival time and necropsy results were recorded. Immunohistochemical staining for ezrin expression was performed on archived samples; cellular localization of ezrin was characterized. The mean and median age of all patients was 4.3 and 2 years, respectively. Subcutaneous and retrobulbar/orbital were the most common primary tumour locations. Sixteen dogs had metastatic disease at diagnosis. Three dogs presented with diffuse disease where a primary tumour could not be identified. A round cell tumour was the initial diagnosis in 32% of cases, and 76% of cases required immunohistochemistry to establish the diagnosis. The median survival was 10 days. Twenty-one cases had archived samples available for ezrin staining; all but one was positive and exhibited both membranous and cytoplasmic localization. Rhabdomyosarcomas occur in young dogs, may have a round cell appearance, and exhibit aggressive biologic behaviour. Given ezrin's defined role in metastasis, its observed expression in the tumours in this study suggest its possible role in canine rhabdomyosarcoma's aggressive biologic behaviour.

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“…Both vimentin and desmin have been used to indicate poorly differentiated cells of RMSs. In particular, desmin, which is widely expressed in various types of RMS neoplastic cells, had considerable diagnostic utility [ 22 , 23 ]. Myoglobin, a small molecular weight heme protein expressed in myoblasts or more mature cells, is present in skeletal and cardiac muscle [ 4 , 5 , 20 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

Primary pharyngeal alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in an adolescent Japanese black heifer

Hatai

Nagai

Tanaka

et al. 2020

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) is a rare mesenchymal tumor with differentiation toward the skeletal muscle. Although several cases of canine ARMS have been reported in veterinary medicine, only one case of abdominal ARMS has been reported in a cow. A 13-month-old, Japanese black heifer was referred for pus-like nasal discharge. On autopsy, an 11 × 7 × 4.5-cm pedunculated mass closed to the left palatine tonsillar sinus that occupied the laryngopharynx. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses indicated that the tumor was a typical ARMS. To the best of our knowledge, this has been the first case of primary pharyngeal ARMS in a Japanese black heifer, which is rare among cows. Nonetheless, its characteristics, including site, age and subtype, are identical to those among humans and dogs.

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Canine orbital rhabdomyosarcoma: a report of 18 cases

Abstract: Canine orbital rhabdomyosarcoma is a highly malignant neoplasm in juvenile dogs, but may be amenable to surgical resection in older dogs. This duality in biologic behavior may reflect differences in tissue of origin between juvenile onset tumors and adult onset tumors.

Cited by 20 publications

References 18 publications

Primary Retrobulbar Leiomyosarcoma in a Dog: A Case Report

Primary Retrobulbar Leiomyosarcoma in a Dog: A Case Report

Biological behaviour and ezrin expression in canine rhabdomyosarcomas: 25 cases (1990‐2012)

Primary pharyngeal alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in an adolescent Japanese black heifer

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