Canine Parvovirus Types 2c and 2b Circulating in North American Dogs in 2006 and 2007

Abstract

Parvovirus is the most common viral cause of diarrhea in young puppies. Based on the analysis of a partial VP2 sequence of 54 samples, canine parvovirus type 2c (CPV-2c) ( n = 26), CPV-2b ( n = 25), and CPV-2 ( n = 3) were detected in the United States. The American CPV-2b isolates have unique codons (494 and 572) in VP2.

Partial VP2 sequencing of canine parvovirus (CPV) strains circulating in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: detection of the new variant CPV-2c

“…The field pathogenicity of the new strain, CPV-2c, has been investigated, and most of the CPV-2c cases reported had clinical signs associated with severe hemorrhagic enteritis, in some cases resulting in a fatal outcome (8,14). Sequencing of canine parvovirus However, the CPV-2c strain detected in this study was collected from a puppy with mild clinical signs.…”

“…Non-synonymous and synonymous mutations at residue 440 (nt 4104) have been described in CPV strains isolated from other countries, such as Italy (1), the United States (13,14), and Korea (18), and in two CPV-2a Brazilian strains collected in 1993 and 2002 (22).…”

“…There are some reports suggesting that CPV-2b may cause a milder disease than CPV-2a viruses (17,18); however, both CPV-2a and 2b have been detected in animals with severe diarrhea (14). Although the main purpose of this study was the genomic typing of CPV strains circulating in Rio de Janeiro, it should be noted that most of the "new CPV-2a" samples (16/19) were collected from puppies with a more severe enteric disease.…”

Parasitology, Virology, and Serology of Free-Ranging Coyotes (Canis latrans) from Central Georgia, USA

“…By 2000, there were three variants of CPV-2 (2a, 2b, and 2c), and all three are now found in multiple hosts worldwide (Hoelzer et al 2008). Our PCR and sequencing results show three coyotes were infected with CPV-2c and one with CPV-2b, and both subtypes have been found in domestic dogs in Georgia (Hong et al 2007;Kapil et al 2007). Thus, there is potential for coyotes to be a reservoir or spillover host for this pathogen.…”

Isolation and characterization of canine parvovirus type 2c circulating in Uruguay

“…This is a mutant of CPV-2b which involved the substitution Aspartate (Asp) 426 Glutamate (Glu) occurring in a main neutralizing epitope of the capsid (BUONAVOGLIA et al, 2001). Since its has been identified, CPV-2c has been spread over local canine population and has also been found in other European countries (DECARO et al, 2007), in Asia (NAKAMURA et al, 2004;NANDI et al, 2009), in Africa (TOUIHRI et al, 2009) and in the America; USA (HONG et al, 2007;KAPIL et al, 2007), Argentina (CALDERON et al, 2009), Brazil (CASTRO et al, 2010 and Uruguay (PEREZ et al, 2007 The CPV variants differ in amino acid changes occurring at residue 426 of the capsid protein, with types CPV-2a, CPV-2b, CPV-2c displaying amino acids Asparagine (Asn), Asp and Glu, respectively (BUONAVOGLIA et al, 2001).…”