Canine Thyroid Tumors and Hyperthyroidism

Scott‐Moncrieff, J. Catharine

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4557-4456-5.00005-5

Cited by 12 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…Thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine malignancy in dogs 1–5 . Local disease often accounts for the initial clinical signs in dogs with thyroid carcinoma, and either local progression and/or distant metastasis are reported as the cause of death 1,6–9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toceranib phosphate in the treatment of canine thyroid carcinoma: 42 cases (2009‐2018)

Sheppard‐Olivares

Bello

Wood

et al. 2020

Vet Comparative Oncology

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Thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine malignancy in dogs. Thyroidectomy and radiation therapy control local disease, yet are not always feasible, and efficacious medical therapies need to be identified. Toceranib phosphate has been reported to provide clinical benefit (CB) in dogs with thyroid carcinoma, while its role in treatment-naïve thyroid tumours has not been well-described. The objective of this study was to describe the use of toceranib in the management of thyroid carcinomas in dogs in both the naïve-disease and prior therapy-settings. A medical record search identified 42 dogs diagnosed with thyroid carcinoma and treated with toceranib, of which 26 and 16 dogs were in settings of naïve-disease and after prior therapy, respectively. Twenty-three (88.4%) and twelve (75%) dogs experienced CB in the naïve and prior therapy settings, respectively. The median [95% confidence interval] progression free interval (PFI) for dogs in the naïve and prior therapy settings were 206 [106,740] and 1015 [92,1015] days, respectively. The median overall survival time (OST) for dogs in the naïve and prior therapy settings were 563 [246,916] and 1082 [289,1894] days, respectively. Overall, the data provided no evidence for differences in overall PFI (P > .20) or OST (P = .15) between settings. However, when asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis, dogs in the naïve setting showed poorer survival prognosis (estimated hazard ratio 17.2 [1.8, 163]) relative to dogs in the prior therapy setting. This study characterizes PFI, OST and CB with minimal AE in dogs with thyroid carcinoma treated with toceranib in both the naïve and prior therapy settings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toceranib phosphate in the treatment of canine thyroid carcinoma: 42 cases (2009‐2018)

Sheppard‐Olivares

Bello

Wood

et al. 2020

Vet Comparative Oncology

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“…In our study, there was a significant association between uptake pattern and hormone status, with the majority of euthyroid dogs having a heterogeneous uptake at the level of the thyroid tumor. It might be hypothesized that loss of cellular pertechnetate trapping is a result from loss of thyroid cell differentiation, 23 and that a heterogeneous uptake pattern is caused by the presence of both differentiated and dedifferentiated tumor tissue, or both dedifferentiated tumor tissue and remaining normal thyroid tissue. Euthyroid hormone status could be maintained in both scenarios.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planar and single‐photon emission computed tomography imaging in dogs with thyroid tumors: 68 cases

Berg

Daminet

Stock

et al. 2020

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Information on scintigraphy findings in dogs with thyroid neoplasia is scarce. The use of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) could improve detection of metastatic disease. Hypothesis/Objectives: To describe planar and SPECT imaging findings in dogs with thyroid tumors, and to compare SPECT and thoracic radiography for metastasis detection. Animals: Sixty-eight dogs with thyroid neoplasia. Methods: Retrospective study, search of medical records for dogs with thyroid neoplasia (2008-2018). Results: Thyroid scintigraphy was available from 68 dogs, of which 6 presented after surgical resection. Radionuclide uptake was increased in 56% of dogs, decreased in 24%, and comparable to that of the salivary glands in 13%. The remainder had multiple masses with variable uptake. A homogeneous uptake pattern was present in 16% and a heterogeneous uptake pattern in 73%. In 11% (all dogs with multiple masses), various uptake patterns were present. Thyroid tumors were well delineated in 55%. There was a significant association between hormone status and uptake pattern (P = .009), with a heterogeneous uptake pattern in the majority of euthyroid dogs, and hormone status and tumor circumscription (P = .003), with well-circumscribed margins in the majority of hypothyroid and hyperthyroid dogs. Thoracic SPECT imaging was available in 39 dogs and identified metastatic lesions in 15 dogs. Thoracic radiographs were performed in 14 of these dogs, and detected metastases in 3 dogs.

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“…At least 90% of these tumours are carcinomas, which are mostly large and rapidly growing(Bezzola 2002, Barber 2007, Campos et al . 2014, Scott‐Moncrieff 2014). During embryogenesis, failed migration of the thyroid gland primordium along the normal pathway may result in the development of ectopic thyroid tissue in abnormal locations from the base of the tongue to the heart (Lantz & Salisbury 1989, Liptak et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

¹³¹treatment in dogs with hyperthyroidism caused by a non‐resectable ectopic thyroid tumour: 5 cases (2008‐2019)

Lyssens

Berg

Peremans

et al. 2020

J of Small Animal Practice

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Objectives This study aimed to describe the clinical and diagnostic characteristics, as well as outcomes of radioiodine treatment in dogs with hyperthyroidism caused by a non‐resectable ectopic thyroid tumour. Materials and Methods This retrospective study reviewed the medical records between 2008 and 2018 of dogs diagnosed with hyperthyroidism secondary to a non‐resectable ectopic thyroid tumour and treated with radioiodine. Results Five dogs were included in the study. Three dogs had sublingual ectopic tumours, of which one also had a unilateral cervical thyroid tumour. The remaining two dogs were diagnosed with an ectopic thyroid tumour at the level of the caudal pharynx and the heart base, respectively. All cases were treated with radioiodine. The size of the ectopic masses decreased after radioiodine treatment. Total thyroxine concentrations returned to reference ranges in all dogs. Further, clinical signs of hyperthyroidism disappeared after treatment in all patients. One dog developed myelosuppression secondary to radioiodine treatment. The dog with metastasis had a very short survival compared to the four dogs without metastasis (3 months compared to 7, 36, 50 and 24 months, respectively) and succumbed most likely to thyroid‐related problems. In the remaining four dogs, their quality of life improved. They died due to diseases unrelated to the ectopic thyroid tumour. Clinical Significance Radioiodine therapy should be considered as a treatment option in dogs diagnosed with hyperthyroidism due to a non‐resectable ectopic thyroid tumour.

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Canine Thyroid Tumors and Hyperthyroidism

Cited by 12 publications

References 44 publications

Toceranib phosphate in the treatment of canine thyroid carcinoma: 42 cases (2009‐2018)

Toceranib phosphate in the treatment of canine thyroid carcinoma: 42 cases (2009‐2018)

Planar and single‐photon emission computed tomography imaging in dogs with thyroid tumors: 68 cases

¹³¹treatment in dogs with hyperthyroidism caused by a non‐resectable ectopic thyroid tumour: 5 cases (2008‐2019)

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Canine Thyroid Tumors and Hyperthyroidism

Cited by 12 publications

References 44 publications

Toceranib phosphate in the treatment of canine thyroid carcinoma: 42 cases (2009‐2018)

Toceranib phosphate in the treatment of canine thyroid carcinoma: 42 cases (2009‐2018)

Planar and single‐photon emission computed tomography imaging in dogs with thyroid tumors: 68 cases

131treatment in dogs with hyperthyroidism caused by a non‐resectable ectopic thyroid tumour: 5 cases (2008‐2019)

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¹³¹treatment in dogs with hyperthyroidism caused by a non‐resectable ectopic thyroid tumour: 5 cases (2008‐2019)