Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in an Area of Sporadic Transmission in Brazil

Borges, Leandro Machado; Oliveira, Alessandra Gutierrez de; Mateus, Nathália Lopes Fontoura; Oliveira, Everton Falcão de; Arrua, Aline Etelvina Casaril; Infran, Jucelei de Oliveira Moura; Taketa, Lucas Bezerra; Monteiro, Paulo Eduardo de Oliveira; Fernandes, Carlos Eurico dos Santos; Piranda, Eliane Mattos

doi:10.1089/vbz.2020.2701

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The zoonotic potential of some CVBD-causing agents represents a threat to human health, especially in the tropics and subtropics, as the climatic conditions of these areas are conducive to the growth and proliferation of arthropod vectors (Dantas-Torres 2008 ; Maggi and Krämer 2019 ). The CVBDs of major veterinary and public health concern are leishmaniasis and heartworm disease (HWD), followed by anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis and babesiosis (Dantas-Torres et al 2020 ; Borges et al 2021 ). In Brazil, dogs can be infected by zoonotic Leishmania spp., including Leishmania infantum , Leishmania amazonensis and Leishmania braziliensis (Belo et al 2013 ; Souza et al 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vector-borne pathogens of zoonotic concern in dogs from a Quilombola community in northeastern Brazil

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Canine vector-borne pathogens (CVBPs) comprise a group of disease agents mainly transmitted by ticks, fleas, mosquitoes and sand flies. In this study, we assessed the presence of CVBPs in an Afro-descendent community (Quilombola) of northeastern, Brazil. Dog blood samples (n = 201) were collected and analyzed by rapid test for the detection of antibodies against Leishmania spp., Anaplasma spp., Ehrlichia spp. and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.), and antigens of Dirofilaria immitis. In addition, polymerase chain reactions were performed for Anaplasmataceae, Babesia spp., Hepatozoon spp., Rickettsia spp. and B. burgdorferi s.l. Overall, 66.7% of the dogs scored positive to at least one pathogen at serological and/or molecular methods. Antibodies against Ehrlichia spp. were the most frequently detected (57.2%; n = 115/201), followed by Anaplasma spp. (8.5%; n = 17/201), Leishmania spp. (8.5%; n = 17/201) and B. burgdorferi s.l. (0.5%; n = 1/201). For D. immitis, 11 out of 201 (5.5%) animals scored positive. At the molecular analysis, 10.4% (n = 21/201) of the samples scored positive for Babesia spp./Hepatozoon spp., followed by Anaplasmataceae (5.0%; n = 10/201) and Rickettsia spp. (3.0%; n = 6/201). All samples were negative for B. burgdorferi s.l. Our data demonstrated the presence of CVBPs in the studied population, with a high seropositivity for Ehrlichia spp. In addition, considering the detection of zoonotic pathogens in dogs and their relationship with people from Quilombola communities, effective control strategies are advocated for minimizing the risk of infection in this socially vulnerable human population and their pets.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vector-borne pathogens of zoonotic concern in dogs from a Quilombola community in northeastern Brazil

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While India, Bangladesh, and Nepal have progressively reduced the incidence of this disease in humans in the last decade, Brazil has reported an increase in the number of cases (Brasil, 2019;Dahl et al, 2021;WHO, 2021). In Brazil, VL is caused by the protozoan, Leishmania infantum, and the main vector is the sandfly, Lutzomyia longipalpis (Borges et al, 2021;Sevá et al, 2020;WHO, 2021). In the past, VL predominantly existed in rural environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diagnostic tests recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Health are Dual-path Platform chromatographic immunoassay (DPP® CVL rapid test) and ELISA. However, these tests have shown low sensitivity to estimate prevalence in canines (Borges et al, 2021). PCR detection of Leishmania DNA has accelerated the diagnosis and has been used to identify species and their geographic distribution, thereby improving disease surveillance (Hong et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and parasitological impact of short-term treatment using miltefosine and allopurinol monotherapy or combination therapy in canine visceral leishmaniasis

Sorte

Dias

Monteiro

et al. 2022

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Canine visceral leishmaniasis is an endemic zoonosis in Brazil. Dogs are the main hosts in urban environments. The treatment has gained popularity since the Brazilian government authorized miltefosine for canine treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and parasitological impact of short-term treatment with miltefosine and allopurinol, alone and in combination. We evaluated the ability of pharmacotherapy to reduce clinical signs of disease, antibody levels using the indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and skin parasite load via qPCR after 28 days of treatment. The therapeutic protocols promoted a significant decline in clinical signs and in the skin parasite load in dogs (p < 0.01). We observed a moderate correlation between the skin parasite load and the clinical score in all three treatment groups (r > 0.5) Antibody levels did not decrease in this short period. It was concluded that the treatment with allopurinol reduced the number of parasites in the skin of dogs with visceral leishmaniasis in the short term. However, its efficiency is potentiated when associated with miltefosine.

show abstract

Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in an Area of Sporadic Transmission in Brazil

Cited by 2 publications

References 33 publications

Vector-borne pathogens of zoonotic concern in dogs from a Quilombola community in northeastern Brazil

Vector-borne pathogens of zoonotic concern in dogs from a Quilombola community in northeastern Brazil

Clinical and parasitological impact of short-term treatment using miltefosine and allopurinol monotherapy or combination therapy in canine visceral leishmaniasis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About