Cannabinoid receptors in the inflammatory cells of canine atopic dermatitis

Chiocchetti, Roberto; Salamanca, Giulia; Silva, Margherita De; Migliaccio, Anna Rita; Aspidi, Francesca; Cunha, Rodrigo Zamith; Galiazzo, Giorgia; Tagliavia, Claudio; Sarli, Giuseppe; Morini, Maria

doi:10.3389/fvets.2022.987132

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“…The CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors are expressed in canine keratinocytes (5,7,8), with higher immunoreactivity to CB1 and CB2 in atopic dogs than in healthy dogs (5). Canine keratinocytes also express TRPV1 receptors (6).…”

Section: Skin Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first studies were devoted to establishing the presence of the ECS in animal species. With specific regard to the canine species, the presence of cannabinoid receptors or their ligands has been identified in skin and skin appendages of healthy dogs and dogs with atopic dermatitis (AD) (4)(5)(6)(7)(8), gastrointestinal tract (9,10), peripheral and central nervous system (11)(12)(13), joints (14) and embryo (15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of cannabidiol in dogs: an update of current knowledge

2023

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In the last 5 years, interest has grown in using phytocannabinoids, particularly cannabidiol (CBD), in veterinary medicine to treat several pathologies, including pain, epilepsy, anxiety, nausea, anorexia, skin lesions, and even some types of cancer, among others. Indeed, due to a positive perception of CBD use, many pet owners are increasingly requesting this option to relieve their pets, and many veterinarians are exploring this possibility for their patients. Besides the widespread empiric use of CBD in pets, the research is trying to obtain proof of its efficacy and lack of adverse effects and to know its pharmacokinetics to define an appropriate posology. This review summarizes all data published so far about the canine pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and tolerability of CBD and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA). Despite a certain number of available pharmacokinetic studies, the kinetic profile of CBD has yet to be fully known, probably because of the very different experimental conditions. In terms of efficacy, most studies have tested CBD’ ability to relieve osteoarthritic pain. In contrast, few studies have evaluated its role in epilepsy, behavioral disorders, and skin lesions. From obtained results, some evidence exists supporting the beneficial role of CBD. Nevertheless, the limited number of published studies and the occurrence of bias in almost all require caution in interpreting findings. From tolerability studies, CBD’ side effects can be classified as mild or unremarkable. However, studies were prevalently focused on short- to medium-term treatment, while CBD is usually employed for long-term treatment. Further studies are warranted to define better whether CBD could be a valid adjunct in canine treatment.

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Section: Skin Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of cannabidiol in dogs: an update of current knowledge

2023

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“…They activate peroxisomal proliferation activation receptors in inflammatory cells to mitigate cytokine production upregulated in the skin of dogs with atopic dermatitis and other cannabinoid targets. [89][90][91] A recent placebo blinded study 92 was performed utilizing a dose of 2 mg of CBD/CBDA-rich hemp/kg every 12 hours in 17 dogs with 12 receiving placebo sesame oil for 4 weeks. Subjective veterinary measurements of inflammation using the Canine Atopic Dermatitis Scoring Index and vertical analog pruritus assessments by owners were performed, suggesting that dogs in the CBD/CBDA-rich treatment group had significant decreases in pruritus, with an average 2-point reduction and approximately 30% achieving resolution of pruritus.…”

Section: Clinical Applications For Atopic Dermatitismentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical use of cannabidiol and cannabidiolic acid–rich hemp in veterinary medicine and lessons from human medicine

Ukai

McGrath

Wakshlag

2023

javma

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The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is an integral neuromodulatory system involved in neuronal development, synaptic plasticity, and homeostasis regarding immunity, as well as brain and other physiological functions such as anxiety, pain, metabolic regulation, and bone growth. Cannabis is a plant that contains exogenous cannabinoids, which have the potential for profound interplay within the ECS as enzymatic inhibitors or receptor-mediated interactions. Activation of cannabinoid receptors leads to various intracellular signaling processes that are involved in cellular functions, but those interactions are diverse due to different affinities of each cannabinoid with relevant receptors. Among the exogenous cannabinoids, cannabidiol (CBD) has drawn attention due to its potential anticancer, antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antiseizure properties using in vitro and in vivo models. Although scientific evidence is limited in dogs, there appears to be cautious optimism regarding the utilization of CBD in conjunction with other therapeutics for a range of disorders. This review will primarily focus on current scientific research on the efficacy of CBD on seizure, anxiety, osteoarthritis, and atopic dermatitis, following a brief discussion of endo- and exogenous cannabinoids, ECS, their molecular mechanism, and potential side effects in veterinary medicine. Cannabinoid pharmacology and pharmacokinetics will be addressed in the companion Currents in One Health by Schwark and Wakshlag, AJVR, May 2023.

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“…Under this category, current studies have considered agonists of cannabinoid receptors as a strategy to decrease pruritus. Dogs, like people, have receptor for cannabinoids [71] in the skin and agonists of those receptors have shown promise in decreasing pruritus. For example, in a prospective, randomized, controlled study, a topical endocannabinoid membrane transporter inhibitor (WOL067-531) minimized allergic flares and pruritus in a canine model of AD [72].…”

Section: Anti-pruritics That Do Not Target Allergic Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Treatments and Validations for Atopic Dermatitis in Humans After Comparative Approach With Canine Models

Marsella¹

2023

Latest Breakthroughs in the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis

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This article aims to review the similarities between canine atopic dermatitis and eczema in people and how currently used treatments in the two species compare to each other. Dogs are currently the best model for the human disease and research in this species can benefit people. While many parallels exist in how this disease is approached in both species, some differences also exist. Interestingly treatment options used in dogs (eg. Allergen specific immunotherapy, the use of an oral Janus Kinase Inhibitor and of a biologic targeting Interleukin 31) have equivalents in human medicine. Areas of interest for the future range from ways to increase the efficacy of allergen specific immunotherapy, modulations of the immune response that are not allergen specific, the administration of oral or injectable cytokines to modulate the allergic milieu, the restoration of cutaneous and gut microbiome either by topical cutaneous application of benign bacteria or by fecal transplant and the use of stem cell therapy for its immunomodulatory properties. The overall goal is to find treatments that are safe and sustainable to avoid broad spectrum immunosuppressive medications and to repair the bacterial imbalances that occur in atopic patients thus minimizing the use of antibiotics and bacterial resistance.

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Cannabinoid receptors in the inflammatory cells of canine atopic dermatitis

Cited by 10 publications

References 149 publications

Pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of cannabidiol in dogs: an update of current knowledge

Pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of cannabidiol in dogs: an update of current knowledge

The clinical use of cannabidiol and cannabidiolic acid–rich hemp in veterinary medicine and lessons from human medicine

New Treatments and Validations for Atopic Dermatitis in Humans After Comparative Approach With Canine Models

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