Cannabinoids and Epilepsy

Rosenberg, Evan C.; Tsien, Richard W.; Whalley, Benjamin J.; Devinsky, Orrin

doi:10.1007/s13311-015-0375-5

Cited by 236 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 327 publications

(309 reference statements)

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“…Activation of CB1 is responsible for THC's psychoactive properties. Cannabidiol does not directly activate those receptors at doses being studied in clinical trials [3] and is considered to be non-psychoactive [4].…”

Section: Distinguishing Cbd Products From Other Cannabis Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The legal status of cannabis (marijuana) and cannabidiol (CBD) under U.S. law

Mead¹

2017

Epilepsy & Behavior

146

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In the United States, federal and state laws regarding the medical use of cannabis and cannabinoids are in conflict and have led to confusion among patients, caregivers, and healthcare providers. Currently, cannabis is legal for medical purposes in 50% of the states, and another seventeen states allow products that are high in cannabidiol (CBD) and low in THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) for medical use. Many of these artisanal products are sold in dispensaries or over the internet. However, none of these products has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Understanding how federal laws apply to clinical research and practice can be challenging, and the complexity of these laws has resulted in particular confusion regarding the legal status of CBD. This paper provides an up-to-date overview (as of August 2016) of the legal aspects of cannabis and cannabidiol, including cultivation, manufacture, distribution, and use for medical purposes.This article is part of a Special Issue title, Cannabinoids and Epilepsy.

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Section: Distinguishing Cbd Products From Other Cannabis Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The legal status of cannabis (marijuana) and cannabidiol (CBD) under U.S. law

Mead¹

2017

Epilepsy & Behavior

146

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“…Animalspossessing such genetic modifications also exhibit CNS hyperexcitability, enhanced seizure susceptibility and/ or spontaneous recurrent seizures. CBD exhibits potent anti-epileptic features in both clinical and preclinical studies [8,[16][17][18][19][20][21]. Notably, CBD significantly reduced the frequency of total seizures of all types in a recent clinical trial for the treatment of drug-resistant seizures in Dravet syndrome [8].…”

Section: Anticonvulsant Effect Of Cbdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabidiol provides viable treatment opportunity for multiple neurological pathologies of autism spectrum disorder

Gu¹

2017

Glob Drugs Therap

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“…8,9 Os compostos originalmente identificados em plantas do gênero Cannabis foram chamados coletivamente de canabinoides, com efeitos associados aos receptores canabinoides CB1 e CB 2 . Os canabinoides podem ser classificados como endocanabinoides, quando produzidos por estimulação fisiológica de origem natural não-vegetal, fitocanabinoides que são de origem vegetal e, por fim, os canabinoides sintéticos.…”

Section: Os Canabinoidesunclassified

“…29 Outros receptores também podem ser modulados pelo CBD, incluindo receptores de potencial transiente vaniloides (e.g. TRPV1, TRPV2, TRPA1) onde atua como agonista, sendo antagonista de receptor de potencial transiente melastatina tipo 8 (TRP), receptor órfão ligado à proteína G (GPR55), receptor de potencial transiente de proteínas transmembranas ancrinas (TRPA), receptor serotoninérgico (5-HT A e PPAR , 9,21,23 inibindo da recaptação sináptica de noradrenalina, GABA, adenosina, bem como de dopamina e estimulando a atividade de e epto es de gli i a α e α . 46 Esta amplitude de potenciais alvos moleculares do CBD é ilustrada na Figura 8, sendo que a ativação de cada um desses receptores é dependente da concentração de CBD (2), cujo efeito poderá ser de inibição/bloqueio ou aumento da atividade de alguns tipos de receptores.…”

Section: Ação Do Canabidiol No Organismounclassified

“…52 46 Outrossim, há ainda dúvidas de que, embora a ativação do sistema endocanabinoide possa evitar consequências a longo prazo de sequelas às convulsões, a inibição dos mecanismos de proteção endógenos não contribua significativamente para o controle dos quadros convulsivos. 9 Os mecanismos antiepilépticos do CBD ainda não são conhecidos, mas podem incluir efeitos no transportador nucleosídico equilibrante, no receptor órfão GPR55 acoplado à proteína G, na modulação dos receptores transitórios do canal vaniloide de tipo 1 (TRPV1), em receptores de serotonina 5-HT1a e de glicina α e α . 28 De fato, a liberação de endocanabinoides evita a neurotoxicidade induzida pela convulsão, propiciando que a atividade epileptiforme desencadeie um processo de neuroproteção, por demanda de endocanabinoides, podendo ocorrer ainda o aumento dos níveis de endocanabinoides numa via a jusante, não relacionada com a neuroproteção.…”

Section: Ação Do Canabidiol No Organismounclassified

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The Contribution of Studies with Canabidiol and Synthetic Analogues in the Design of New Drug Candidates for Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Viegas¹,

Franco²

2017

Rev. Virtual Quim.

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Abstract:The first documented use of Cannabis for therapeutic purposes is dated from 2300 BC, with indications for the treatment of constipation, gout, beriberi, malaria, rheumatism and menstrual impairment. The search for therapeutic effects of Cannabis has already been pursued by scientists for over 50 years, and in the last 10 years, a new phase studies has started about marijuana constituents, such as Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, 1) and cannabidiol (CBD, 2) for medicinal application. CBD is present in about 40% in the crude extract of Cannabis sativa, besides other 60 types of cannabinoids and a number of noncannabinoid constituents, accounting for approximately three hundred secondary metabolites. In spite of CBD being a constituent of Cannabis, it is deprived of the typical effects of the plant, differently from THC that induces anxiety and psychotic effects, being its main psychoactive component. Recent studies suggest that CBD could acts as a THC modulator in the brain, exhibiting anxiolytic and/or antipsychotic effects, antagonizing some undesirable effects of THC, as well as contributing with analgesic, antiemetic and antineoplastic, also affecting synapsis plasticity and facilitating neurogenesis. In this context, the scientific literature reinforces the need of advances and more investments in this research field, aiming a better knowledge about endocannabinoid system and the search for new natural and synthetic cannabinoids, supporting their use in the clinics and improving the available therapeutic arsenal for psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases. Current data from studies dedicated to an improved understanding of its pharmacology and potential therapeutic applications, suggest that CBD and its analogues could play a singular role in the modulation of molecular targets related to central nervous system disorders, making possible the development of innovative, safer and efficient drugs for the treatment of non-responsive patients to the conventional clinics, with significant improvement in life quality and, perhaps, their cure.Keywords: Cannabidiol; cannabinoids; neuropsychiatric disorders; neurodegenerative diseases. ResumoO primeiro uso documentado da Cannabis para fins terapêuticos é datado de aproximadamente 2300 a.C., para o tratamento de constipação, gota, beribéri, malária, reumatismo e problemas menstruais. A busca por efeitos terapêuticos da Cannabis já recebe atenção de cientistas há mais de 50 anos, sendo que nos últimos 10 anos, tem-se observado uma nova fase de estudos acerca dos o po e tes da a o ha, a e e plo do Δ 9 -tetraidrocanabinol (THC, 1) e do canabidiol (CBD, 2) para uso medicinal. O CBD ocorre em cerca de 40% no extrato bruto de Cannabis sativa, além de outros 60 tipos de canabinoides e inúmeros constituintes não-canabinoides, totalizando cerca de 300 metabólitos secundários. O CBD, apesar de ser um constituinte da Cannabis, é desprovido dos efeitos típicos da planta, diferentemente do THC que induz a ansiedade e efeitos psicóticos, sendo o principal ingrediente psico...

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Cannabinoids and Epilepsy

Cited by 236 publications

References 327 publications

The legal status of cannabis (marijuana) and cannabidiol (CBD) under U.S. law

The legal status of cannabis (marijuana) and cannabidiol (CBD) under U.S. law

Cannabidiol provides viable treatment opportunity for multiple neurological pathologies of autism spectrum disorder

The Contribution of Studies with Canabidiol and Synthetic Analogues in the Design of New Drug Candidates for Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Neurodegenerative Diseases

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