Cannabinoids assessment in plasma and urine by high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry after molecularly imprinted polymer microsolid-phase extraction

Sánchez–González, Juan; Salgueiro-Fernández, Rocío; Cabarcos, Pamela; Bermejo, Ana María; Bermejo-Barrera, Pilar; Moreda-Piñeiro, Antonio

doi:10.1007/s00216-016-0046-3

Cited by 44 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, similar analytical recoveries for all tested loading times were obtained for methylone and 3,4‐DMMC. The worse retention efficiency when using high loading times agree with previously reported data when using porous‐membrane – protected μ‐SPE and also other μ‐SPE procedures . The results are attributed to back‐diffusion phenomena when using long loading times and/or high shaking speeds.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…MIMSPE procedures based on a flat‐sheet membrane envelope have been proposed for isolating/pre‐concentrating phenolic compounds and triazine herbicides in water, mycotoxins in food and urine, and hyperoside and isoquercitrin in rat plasma . Cone‐shape‐based MIMSPE have recently been used for assessing cocaine and its metabolites in human urine and plasma, and for cannabinoids and metabolites in urine and plasma …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

HPLC‐MS/MS combined with membrane‐protected molecularly imprinted polymer micro‐solid‐phase extraction for synthetic cathinones monitoring in urine

Sánchez–González

Odoardi

Bermejo

et al. 2018

Drug Testing and Analysis

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Synthetic cathinones are a type of drug belonging to group of new psychoactive substances (NPSs). The illicit market for these substances is characterized by the continuous introduction to the market of new analogs to evade legislation and to avoid detection. New screening and confirmation assays are therefore needed, mainly in forensic/clinical samples. In the current development, a porous membrane-protected, micro-solid-phase extraction (μ-SPE) has been developed for the assessment of several cathinones in urine. The μ-SPE device consisted of a cone-shaped polypropylene (PP) porous membrane containing the adsorbent (molecularly imprinted polymers, MIPs, synthesized for the first time for this class of drugs). MIPs were prepared using ethylone and 3-methylmethcathinone (3-MMC) as templates, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a functional monomer, divinylbenzene (DVB) as a cross-linker, and 2,2´-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator. The prepared ethylone-based MIP and 3-MMC-based MIP have been fully characterized and evaluated as new selective adsorbents for μ-SPE. Cathinones separation/determination was performed by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Optimum loading conditions (pH 5.0, loading for 4.0 minutes under orbital-horizontal shaking at 200 rpm) and elution conditions [2.0 mL of 75:20:5 heptane/2-propanol/ammonium hydroxide and ultrasounds assistance (37 kHz, 325 W) for 4.0 minutes] were found for ethylone-based MIP. Validation (intra-day and inter-day precision and analytical recovery) showed RSD values lower than 9 and 10% for intra-day and inter-day precision, and within the 88%-101% range for intra-day and inter-day analytical recovery.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HPLC‐MS/MS combined with membrane‐protected molecularly imprinted polymer micro‐solid‐phase extraction for synthetic cathinones monitoring in urine

Sánchez–González

Odoardi

Bermejo

et al. 2018

Drug Testing and Analysis

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These limits could only be reached by using an online extraction procedure. Published assays with sub ng/mL LLOQs usually use offline solid phase extraction procedures followed by evaporation and reconstitution of analytes prior to LC-MS analysis [28, 35, 43–46] or organic extraction followed by evaporation [47]. These procedures are laborious, and evaporation-reconstitution steps are potentially problematic especially for lipophilic cannabinoids due to instability, binding to vessel walls, and poor recovery during reconstitution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization MS/MS Assay Using Online Extraction for the Analysis of 11 Cannabinoids and Metabolites in Human Plasma and Urine

Klawitter¹,

Sempio²,

Mörlein³

et al. 2017

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Although, especially in the United States, there has been a recent surge of legalized cannabis for either recreational or medicinal purposes, surprisingly little is known about clinical dose-response relationships, pharmaco- and toxicodynamic effects of cannabinoids such as Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Even less is known about other active cannabinoids. Methods To address this knowledge gap, an online extraction, high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for simultaneous quantification of 11 cannabinoids and metabolites including THC, 11-hydroxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (11OH-THC), 11-nor-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid (THC-COOH), 11-nor-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid glucuronide (THC-C-gluc), cannabinol (CBN), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG), cannabidivarin (CBDV), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), and 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV-COOH) was developed and validated in human urine and plasma. Results In contrast to atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI), electrospray ionization (ESI) was associated with extensive ion suppression in plasma and urine samples. Thus, the APCI assay was validated showing a lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) ranging from 0.39 to 3.91 ng/mL depending on study compound and matrix. The upper limit of quantitation (ULOQ) was 400 ng/mL except for THC-C-gluc with a ULOQ of 2000 ng/mL. The linearity was r> 0.99 for all analyzed calibration curves. Acceptance criteria for intra- and inter-batch accuracy (85%-115%) and imprecision (<15%) were met for all compounds. In plasma, the only exceptions were THCV (75.3%-121.2% inter-batch accuracy) and CBDV (inter-batch imprecision, 15.7%-17.2%). In urine, THCV did not meet predefined acceptance criteria for intra-batch accuracy. Conclusions This assay allows not only for monitoring THC and its major metabolites, but also of major cannabinoids that are of interest for marijuana research and clinical practice.

show abstract

“…Cannabinoids like marijuana and hashish are the most commonly used illicit drug [10,11,12]. Nestic et al reported a combination of MIP integrated with gas chromatography (GC-MS) for simultaneous determination of tetrahydrocannabinol and its main metabolite in urine samples.…”

Section: Imprinting Approaches For Forensic Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sanchez-Gonzalez et al also reported a micro-solid extractor for cannabinoids for assessing plasma and urine analysis of marijuana abusers by the combination of MIPS with a HPLC-MS/MS system. They reported LOQ values for plasma and urine samples in the ranges of 0.36–0.49 ng/L and 0.47–0.57 ng/L, respectively, with an accurate method for inter-day and intra-day analytical recovery performances [11]. Cela-Perez et al also reported water-compatible imprinted pills for a combined cannabinoids extraction/detection method in urine and oral fluid.…”

Section: Imprinting Approaches For Forensic Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Imprinting Applications in Forensic Science

Yılmaz

Gari̇pcan

Uzun

2017

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Producing molecular imprinting-based materials has received increasing attention due to recognition selectivity, stability, cast effectiveness, and ease of production in various forms for a wide range of applications. The molecular imprinting technique has a variety of applications in the areas of the food industry, environmental monitoring, and medicine for diverse purposes like sample pretreatment, sensing, and separation/purification. A versatile usage, stability and recognition capabilities also make them perfect candidates for use in forensic sciences. Forensic science is a demanding area and there is a growing interest in molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) in this field. In this review, recent molecular imprinting applications in the related areas of forensic sciences are discussed while considering the literature of last two decades. Not only direct forensic applications but also studies of possible forensic value were taken into account like illicit drugs, banned sport drugs, effective toxins and chemical warfare agents in a review of over 100 articles. The literature was classified according to targets, material shapes, production strategies, detection method, and instrumentation. We aimed to summarize the current applications of MIPs in forensic science and put forth a projection of their potential uses as promising alternatives for benchmark competitors.

show abstract

Cannabinoids assessment in plasma and urine by high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry after molecularly imprinted polymer microsolid-phase extraction

Cited by 44 publications

References 39 publications

HPLC‐MS/MS combined with membrane‐protected molecularly imprinted polymer micro‐solid‐phase extraction for synthetic cathinones monitoring in urine

HPLC‐MS/MS combined with membrane‐protected molecularly imprinted polymer micro‐solid‐phase extraction for synthetic cathinones monitoring in urine

An Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization MS/MS Assay Using Online Extraction for the Analysis of 11 Cannabinoids and Metabolites in Human Plasma and Urine

Molecular Imprinting Applications in Forensic Science

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About