Cannabinoids in Glaucoma: A Primary Screening Procedure

ElSohly, Mahmoud A.; Harland, Ernest C.; Murphy, James C.; Wirth, Philip W.; Waller, Coy W.

doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1981.tb02627.x

Cited by 31 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Most of these studies also reported various systemic side effects, such as hypotension, tachycardia, euphoria, and dysphoria, as well as other ocular effects, such as changes in pupil size, decreased tear production, and conjunctival hyperemia. Endocannabinoids and synthetic cannabinoid ligands have also been reported to reduce intraocular pressure when given topically or systemically, both in animals and humans (Shapiro, 1974;ElSohly et al, 1981ElSohly et al, , 1984Colasanti et al, 1984a,b,c;Pate et al, 1995;Porcella et al, 1998;Buchwald et al, 2002;Laine et al, 2002a,b;reviewed in Jarvinen et al, 2002;Chien et al, 2003;Tomida et al, 2004).…”

Section: E Eye Disorders (Glaucoma and Retinopathy)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Endocannabinoid System as an Emerging Target of Pharmacotherapy

2006

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Section: E Eye Disorders (Glaucoma and Retinopathy)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Endocannabinoid System as an Emerging Target of Pharmacotherapy

2006

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“…A8-THC, cannabinol, and nacilone were less hypotensive then A -THC and the effects were not dose-related (11). Naboctate given orally to rabbits lowered IOP; given orally to rats it caused mild tachycardia and mild systemic hypotension (151).…”

Section: Cannabinoidsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The synthetic compound nabilone (0.25 and 0.5 mg/kg) given intravenously in rabbits, significantly decreased IOP but behavioral changes in animals were evident (11).…”

Section: Cannabinoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Synopsis of Recent Developments in Antiglaucoma Drugs

McLaughlin¹,

Chiou²

1985

Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics

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Open-angle glaucoma is treated primarily with drugs, some of which have been used clinically for years. These drugs include: 1) cholinergic agonists that increase aqueous humor outflow, 2) adrenergic agonists and antagonist that affect both aqueous humor formation and outflow, and 3) carbonic anhydrase inhibitors that decrease aqueous humor formation.Several new classes of drugs are being tested for efficacy and mechanism of action. They include: 1) the D-isomer of timolol that reduces aqueous humor formation without producing adrenergic blockade, 2) dopaminergic agonists and antagonists, including bromocriptine and butyrophenones that reduce intraocular pressure, and 3) cannabinoids that reduce aqueous humor formation and increase outflow.In addition, several other types of drugs, such as prostaglandins, diuretics, Na+,K+-ATPase inhibitors, and adenyl cyclase stimulators are just now beginning to be studied.

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“…THC, CBN, and nabilone were active in lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) in rabbits, while CBD was inactive. 235 Certain derivatives of THC were more active in lowering IOP than the parent cannabinoid 236 ; some topically used soft analogs that have no systemic effects were also active in IOP reduction. 237 The effect on IOP of 2-AG was biphasic (ie, an initial increase in IOP followed by a reduction).…”

Section: Asthma Cardiovascular Disorders Glaucomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoids in Health and Disease

2016

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annabis sativa L. preparations, such as marijuana, hashish, and dagga, have been used in medicine for millenia.1 Investigations into the chemistry of Cannabis began in the mid-19th century, following a major trend in chemical research at the time, which centered on the quest for active natural products. Numerous alkaloids were isolated in pure form from various plants, and many of them were fully or partially characterized. Morphine, cocaine, strychnine, and many others were purified and used in medicine. However, most of the terpenoids-a major class of secondary plant metabolites, to which the plant cannabinoids also belong-were not isolated until the end of the century or even much later, and in many cases their purity was doubtful. 413C l i n i c a l r e s e a r c h

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Cannabinoids in Glaucoma: A Primary Screening Procedure

Abstract: A procedure was developed for screening of cannabinoids for their ability to reduce intraocular pressure (lOP) using normal rabbits.

Cited by 31 publications

References 9 publications

The Endocannabinoid System as an Emerging Target of Pharmacotherapy

The Endocannabinoid System as an Emerging Target of Pharmacotherapy

A Synopsis of Recent Developments in Antiglaucoma Drugs

Cannabinoids in Health and Disease

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