Cannabinoids: possible role in patho‐physiology and therapy of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome

Müller‐Vahl, Kirsten; Kolbe, H.; Schneider, Udo; Emrich, Hinderk M.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1998.tb10127.x

Cited by 102 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In 1998 a survey of a larger population confirmed a reduction in tic or complete remission in 82 % of patients [27]. The same authors used Δ 9 -THC capsules of varying strengths in a single dose in 12 patients (class II study) and reported improvement in scores of the Tourette Syndrome Symptom List and obsessive-compulsive behavior scores, with a decreased number of complex motor tics observed by the examiner [28].…”

Section: Tourette Syndrome Ticsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cannabis in the Treatment of Dystonia, Dyskinesias, and Tics

Koppel

2015

Neurotherapeutics

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Cannabis has been used for many medicinal purposes, including management of spasms, dystonia, and dyskinesias, with variable success. Its use for tetanus was described in the second century BCE, but the literature continues to include more case reports and surveys of its beneficial effects in managing symptoms of hyperkinetic movement disorders than randomized controlled trials, making evidence-based recommendations difficult. This paper reviews clinical research using various formulations of cannabis (botanical products, oral preparations containing Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol and/or cannabidiol) and currently available preparations in the USA (nabilone and dronabinol). This has been expanded from a recent systematic review of cannabis use in several neurologic conditions to include case reports and case series and results of anonymous surveys of patients using cannabis outside of medical settings, with the original evidence classifications marked for those papers that followed research protocols. Despite overlap in some patients, dyskinesias will be treated separately from dystonia and chorea; benefit was not established beyond individual patients for these conditions. Tics, usually due to Tourettes, did respond to cannabis preparations. Side effects reported in the trials will be reviewed but those due to recreational use, including the dystonia that can be secondary to synthetic marijuana preparations, are outside the scope of this paper.

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Section: Tourette Syndrome Ticsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cannabis in the Treatment of Dystonia, Dyskinesias, and Tics

Koppel

2015

Neurotherapeutics

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“…Indeed, pre-clinical studies have shown that blockade of CB1 receptors may be beneficial in the management of dyskinesias resulting from prolonged dopaminebased therapies in Parkinson's disease (Maneuf et al, 1997;Brotchie, 1998). Furthermore, oral administration of D 9 -THC has been reported to alleviate tics and compulsive behaviors in patients affected by Tourette syndrome (Mü ller-Vahl et al, 1998.…”

Section: Cannabinoids and Psychomotor Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The endocannabinoid system: a physiological perspective on its role in psychomotor control

Giuffrida¹,

Piomelli

2000

Chemistry and Physics of Lipids

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The discovery of cannabinoid receptors has led to the identification of two natural activators for these receptors, anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, and to the elucidation of their biochemical pathways of formation and inactivation. Although the physiological significance of the endogenous cannabinoid system is still poorly understood, important information is becoming available on the possible functional roles of this system in the basal ganglia, a forebrain region that is involved in the control of sensorimotor and motivational aspects of behavior. These discoveries -which are going to enrich the way in which we look at basal ganglia functions -are summarized in this mini-review. The role of the endocannabinoids as modulators of psychomotor behaviors and the potential therapeutic perspectives deriving from the pharmacological manipulation of the endogenous cannabinoid system are also discussed.

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“…Anecdotal reports (Sandyk and Awerbuch, 1988;Hemming and Yellowlees, 1993;Müller-Vahl et al, 1998 and two controlled studies (Müller-Vahl, 2001;Müller-Vahl et al, 2002) provide evidence that marijuana (Cannabis sativa) and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (D 9 -THC), the major psychoactive ingredient of marijuana, respectively, are effective in the treatment of tics and behavioral problems in TS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, our data are in agreement with a pilot study in 12 TS patients demonstrating no detrimental effect on verbal and visual memory, sustained and divided attention, reaction time, intelligence, and vigilance after a single-dose treatment with up to 10 mg D 9 -THC . From anecdotal reports, it is even suggested that in TS patients smoked marijuana might improve attention (Müller-Vahl et al, 1998Sandyk and Awerbuch, 1988).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Tourette Syndrome with Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC): No Influence on Neuropsychological Performance

Müller‐Vahl

Prevedel

Theloe

et al. 2003

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Previous studies provide evidence that marijuana (Cannabis sativa) and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (D 9 -THC), the major psychoactive ingredient of marijuana, respectively, are effective in the treatment of tics and behavioral problems in Tourette syndrome (TS). It, therefore, has been speculated that the central cannabinoid receptor system might be involved in TS pathology. However, in healthy marijuana users there is an ongoing debate as to whether the use of cannabis causes acute and/or long-term cognitive deficits. In this randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study, we investigated the effect of a treatment with up to 10 mg D 9-THC over a 6-week period on neuropsychological performance in 24 patients suffering from TS. During medication and immediately as well as 5-6 weeks after withdrawal of D 9 -THC treatment, no detrimental effect was seen on learning curve, interference, recall and recognition of word lists, immediate visual memory span, and divided attention. Measuring immediate verbal memory span, we even found a trend towards a significant improvement during and after treatment. Results from this study corroborate previous data suggesting that in patients suffering from TS, treatment with D 9 -THC causes neither acute nor long-term cognitive deficits. Larger and longer-duration controlled studies are recommended to provide more information on the adverse effect profile of THC in patients suffering from TS.

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Cannabinoids: possible role in patho‐physiology and therapy of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome

Cited by 102 publications

References 21 publications

Cannabis in the Treatment of Dystonia, Dyskinesias, and Tics

Cannabis in the Treatment of Dystonia, Dyskinesias, and Tics

The endocannabinoid system: a physiological perspective on its role in psychomotor control

Treatment of Tourette Syndrome with Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC): No Influence on Neuropsychological Performance

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