Cannabis and Lung Health: Does the Bad Outweigh the Good?

Kaplan, Alan

doi:10.1007/s41030-021-00171-8

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Regular cannabis users show histopathologic precursors to malignancy development, findings that are consistent with non-human primate models [ 156 ]. However epidemiological, case–control, and cohort studies have shown no increased risk of cancer from smoking cannabis [ 133 , 157 – 159 ] and there is a lack of DNA adducts in animal models of chronic cannabis exposure [ 160 ]. Thus, current evidence linking cannabis smoke inhalation and chronic lung disease development remains limited [ 161 , 162 ].…”

Section: Pulmonary Consequences Of Cannabis Inhalationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of pulmonary immune function by inhaled cannabis products and consequences for lung disease

et al. 2023

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The lungs, in addition to participating in gas exchange, represent the first line of defense against inhaled pathogens and respiratory toxicants. Cells lining the airways and alveoli include epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages, the latter being resident innate immune cells important in surfactant recycling, protection against bacterial invasion and modulation of lung immune homeostasis. Environmental exposure to toxicants found in cigarette smoke, air pollution and cannabis can alter the number and function of immune cells in the lungs. Cannabis (marijuana) is a plant-derived product that is typically inhaled in the form of smoke from a joint. However, alternative delivery methods such as vaping, which heats the plant without combustion, are becoming more common. Cannabis use has increased in recent years, coinciding with more countries legalizing cannabis for both recreational and medicinal purposes. Cannabis may have numerous health benefits owing to the presence of cannabinoids that dampen immune function and therefore tame inflammation that is associated with chronic diseases such as arthritis. The health effects that could come with cannabis use remain poorly understood, particularly inhaled cannabis products that may directly impact the pulmonary immune system. Herein, we first describe the bioactive phytochemicals present in cannabis, with an emphasis on cannabinoids and their ability to interact with the endocannabinoid system. We also review the current state-of-knowledge as to how inhaled cannabis/cannabinoids can shape immune response in the lungs and discuss the potential consequences of altered pulmonary immunity. Overall, more research is needed to understand how cannabis inhalation shapes the pulmonary immune response to balance physiological and beneficial responses with potential deleterious consequences on the lungs.

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Section: Pulmonary Consequences Of Cannabis Inhalationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of pulmonary immune function by inhaled cannabis products and consequences for lung disease

et al. 2023

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“…It is well known that triggers of asthma should be avoided. Adherence to this step is likely also decreased [49] for adolescents. Lack of attention to allergic triggers and avoidance strategies leads to continued allergic inflammation.…”

Section: Treatment Issues Particular To Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision medicine: how to approach the adolescent asthmatic

Kaplan

2023

Explor Asthma Allergy

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It is well known that adolescent patients often have less than optimal outcomes. Adolescence is a time of much transition, physically, emotionally, and socially all of which have effects on asthma management and outcomes. Pubertal changes affect asthma, but mostly it is the move towards independence from the parents, peer pressures, stigma of illness, and adherence issues that cause the issue. It is thus important to learn to treat the patient directly, wherein currently often children are treated through the parent, to ensure success.

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“…Accordingly, the individual benefit/risk ratio should precede any prescription through an assessment of potential contraindications or limitations. Minimization of combustion-based routes of administration should be emphasized ( 58 , 59 ) and supported by providing appropriate material such as vaporizers ( 60 ).…”

Section: Toward Reciprocity: Where Practice Fuels Knowledge and Vice-...mentioning

confidence: 99%