Cannabis effects on driving lateral control with and without alcohol

Hartman, Rebecca L.; Brown, Timothy L.; Milavetz, Gary; Spurgin, Andrew; Pierce, Russell S.; Gorelick, David A.; Gaffney, Gary; Huestis, Marilyn A.

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.06.015

Cited by 207 publications

(195 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…We recently evaluated effects of cannabis, with and without low-dose alcohol, on driving performance according to blood THC concentration (20 ). The results documented lateral control decrements at 8.2 and 13.1 g/L THC, comparable to 0.05 and 0.08 g/210 L breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) respectively, common alcohol per se driving limits.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results documented lateral control decrements at 8.2 and 13.1 g/L THC, comparable to 0.05 and 0.08 g/210 L breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) respectively, common alcohol per se driving limits. However, these THC concentrations were present while driving, 0.5-1.3 h postinhalation (20 ). The purpose of the present analysis was to evaluate how drivers' THC concentrations decreased postinhalation before and after impaired driving, covering the typical interval between a driving incident and blood collection in the forensic setting.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of Blood Collection Time on Measured Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Concentrations: Implications for Driving Interpretation and Drug Policy

et al. 2016

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BACKGROUND:In driving-under-the-influence cases, blood typically is collected approximately 1.5-4 h after an incident, with unknown last intake time. This complicates blood ⌬ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) interpretation, owing to rapidly decreasing concentrations immediately after inhalation. We evaluated how decreases in blood THC concentration before collection may affect interpretation of toxicological results.

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Blood Collection Time on Measured Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Concentrations: Implications for Driving Interpretation and Drug Policy

et al. 2016

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“…Por conseguinte, estar sob a influência de qualquer droga lícita ou ilícita que atue no sistema nervoso central, prejudica as habilidades motoras, tempo de reação e julgamento do condutor. [4][5][6][7][8] Dirigir é um exercício que requer a máxima atenção do condutor, principalmente quando esse faz uso da direção como trabalho. O motorista necessita estar atento a todos os estímulos externos que o torna influenciável, para guardar sua segurança e a de outras pessoas, uma vez que os acidentes de trânsito representam a segunda maior causa de mortalidade por causas externas.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

O uso de drogas por motoristas caminhoneiros e o comportamento de risco nas estradas

Antoniassi

Melo

Mendes

et al. 2016

Rev Epidemiol Control Infect

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Exceto onde especificado diferentemente, a matéria publicada neste periódico é licenciada sob forma de uma licença Creative Commons -Atribuição 4. (87,5%), seguidos de 75% da cocaína e 62,5% do crack. Desses, 55,6% fazem uso associado entre as drogas, e 50% consomem álcool nas estradas e 45% já dirigiram após consumir bebida. 61,5% já tiveram alguma DST, e uma parcela que não faz uso do preservativo. Conclusão: observou-se que o uso associado de drogas expõe os motoristas em risco de acidentes, problemas com leis, contágio de doenças, levando a uma degradação social e pessoal com consequências irreversíveis que oneram a vida dos envolvidos, e os cofres públicos, estado vulnerável a possível dependência da droga. Background and Objectives:To assess the use of drugs by truck drivers and their exposure to risk and life style on the roads. Since drugs are increasingly present among truck drivers, and because they are active in traffic, they must perceive the need to avoid exposing themselves to risks that can affect health conditions and prevent social complications caused by bad habits. Methods: This is a quantitative, descriptive and exploratory study with 31 drivers working for a dairy cooperative. A questionnaire was created with 34 questions regarding the Risk Exposure and Lifestyle in Traffic, and the ASSIST Test. Statistical analyses were performed using the Epi Info ® statistical program.The significance level was set at p <0.05, and 95% CI for the chi-square test. Results: The study showed that 75% of the participants were smokers, 64% consumed alcohol and 25.8% used illicit drugs. Stimulants are the most often consumed drugs (87.5%), followed by 75% of cocaine and 62.5% of crack. Of these, 55.6% use more than one drug, and 50% consume alcohol on the roads and 45% have already driven after drinking alcohol. 61.5% have already had some type of STD, and some of them do not use condoms. Conclusion: It was observed that the associated use of illicit drugs put drivers at risk for accidents, problems with the Law, disease contamination, leading to a social and personal degradation with irreversible consequences, affecting the lives of all those involved, as well as public resources, making these drivers vulnerable to possible drug addiction. RESUMO ABSTRACTRecebido em:

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“…These statistics are like alcohol and nicotine as 80% of the alcohol and cigarettes are consumed by 20% of the users. Those statistics could apply to nicotine as well [15,19,[24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Is Marijuana Addicting?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Policy for Marijuana

Miller¹,

Oberbarnscheidt²

2017

J Addict Res Ther

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Marijuana is a substance that has been used for recreational purposes since ancient years and that is currently discussed to have a therapeutic or medical value and to be seen as a Medicine.According to the FDA, marijuana is classified as a Schedule I drug with high risk of addiction and no medical benefit. However, it is legal in several states for deliberating conditions e.g. various pain conditions, depression, anxiety, nail patella, glaucoma and even HIV.In addition people use is for various other conditions even though studies have shown greater harmful effects then benefit. Especially with marijuana, there is a high rate of misperception in the users. In addition, marijuana has a unique pharmacology and pharmacodynamics because of its more than 400 partially unknown components and the storage in the user's lipophilic tissues and redistribution long after the last use.The legalization of marijuana is already done in some states and other states are pressured to follow along.This article is a systematic review of literature analyzing the current policies, legal situations and trend as well as politics regarding marijuana and its use. The article is focused on the natural form of the Cannabis sativa plant.

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Cannabis effects on driving lateral control with and without alcohol

Cited by 207 publications

References 56 publications

Effect of Blood Collection Time on Measured Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Concentrations: Implications for Driving Interpretation and Drug Policy

Effect of Blood Collection Time on Measured Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Concentrations: Implications for Driving Interpretation and Drug Policy

O uso de drogas por motoristas caminhoneiros e o comportamento de risco nas estradas

Health Policy for Marijuana

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