IntroductionType A acute aortic dissection (AAD) is still a devastating disease, which mortality rate following medical managements reaches to 50% within the first 48 h. 1) The mortality rate associated with AAD after surgery has decreased, but it reached to roughly 20% worldwide. 2) In Japan, hospital mortality rate after an emergency surgery for AAD was 9.2% in 2010. 3) Antegrade cerebral perfusion (ACP) is one of the techniques for cerebral protection during proximal aortic surgery. This technique has been applied to a repair of AAD and effective circulation management could be achieved by Comas et al. 2) Controversy that which arterial cannulation site is optimal in a repair of AAD exists. 4,5) Femoral artery is the usual cannulation site for cardiopulmonary bypass in a repair of AAD, 6) on the other hand, the retrograde perfusion via the femoral artery causes retrograde thromboembolism from atheromatous debris in the thoracic and was performed in 34 patients. Mean age was 64.5 ± 13.7 years of age. Preoperative shock status was in three due to cardiac tamponade. Organ malperfusion occurred in 11 patients preoperatively. Mean follow-up period was 9.6 ± 8.4 months and follow-up rate was 100%. Results: Hospital mortality rate was 8.8%. No newly required hemodialysis and new onset of temporary or permanent neurologic deficits were present in survivors. There were no statistically significant differences of mortality rate, new onset of permanent or temporary neurologic deficits and distal organ dysfunction between ACP duration <60 min and ≥60 min. The 12-month survival was 84.4% ± 6.4%. And, freedom from aorta-related events at 12 and 18 months were 100% ± 0.0% and 88.9% ± 10.5%, respectively. Conclusions: The duration of ACP via right axillary artery does not affect early outcomes following a repair of AAD.