Canola meal or soybean meal as protein source and the effect of microencapsulated sodium butyrate supplementation in calf starter mixture. II. Development of the gastrointestinal tract

Burakowska, K.; Penner, G.B.; Flaga, Jadwiga; Przybyło, Marcin; Barć, Justyna; Wojciechowska-Puchałka, J.; Wojtysiak, Dorota; Kowalski, Z.M.; Górka, P.

doi:10.3168/jds.2020-19780

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…On d 63 of the study, CM use in starter mixtures tended to result in reduced plasma urea concentration, which is a similar observation to findings in dairy cows (Martineau et al, 2014). This decreased plasma urea concentration could be a result of lesser ruminal ammonia in calves fed starters with CM (Burakowska et al, 2021) but also may be interpreted as more efficient AA use for metabolic processes (Martineau et al, 2014).…”

Section: Effect Of Protein Sourcesupporting

confidence: 78%

“…In line with the results of the mentioned studies, in our study DM digestibility was reduced when bull calves were fed starter mixture with CM. Additionally, we observed reduced gene expression of peptide transporter SLC15A2 (formerly PEPT2) and AA transporter SLC6A14 (formerly ATB0+) in the intestinal epithelium (Burakowska et al, 2021). Thus, reduced intestinal digestion and absorption of AA likely contributed to the decrease of some plasma AA in calves fed starters with CM.…”

Section: Effect Of Protein Sourcementioning

confidence: 78%

“…Two studies were conducted to achieve our objectives. The aim of study 1 was primarily to determine the effects of protein source in a starter mixture and MSB supplementation on calf GIT development (for details see companion paper, Burakowska et al, 2021). Thus, bull calves were used in study 1, and this study used fewer calves.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Canola meal or soybean meal as protein source and the effect of microencapsulated sodium butyrate supplementation in calf starter mixture. I. Performance, digestibility, and selected blood variables

Burakowska

Penner

Korytkowski

et al. 2021

Journal of Dairy Science

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Two studies were conducted to assess the effect of protein source and microencapsulated sodium butyrate (MSB) inclusion in pelleted starter mixtures on growth performance, gain to feed (G:F) ratio, nutrient digestibility, and selected blood metabolites in calves.In study 1, 28 Holstein bull calves (8.7 ± 0.8 d of age and 43.0 ± 4.4 kg; mean ± SD) were allocated to 1 of 4 treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement and fed a pelleted starter mixture containing canola meal (CM, 35% as fed) or soybean meal (SM, 24% as fed) as the main source of protein, with or without supplemental MSB (0.3% as fed). Starter mixtures were formulated to be similar for crude protein, Lys, and Met, and were fed ad libitum. Calves were weaned after 42 d of milk replacer feeding (51.7 ± 0.8 d of age) and observed for another 21 d. Furthermore, selected blood metabolites were measured on d 21, 42, and 63 of the study, and nutrient digestibility was measured after weaning. In study 2, 60 Holstein heifer calves (9.1 ± 0.8 d of age and 43.2 ± 4.2 kg) were assigned to the same treatments as in study 1. The calves were weaned after 49 d of milk replacer feeding (59.1 ± 0.8 d of age) and observed for an additional 14 d. Milk replacer and starter mixture intake and fecal score were recorded daily, whereas body weight (BW) was recorded weekly. In study 1, calves fed starter mixtures containing CM had or tended to have lesser preweaning starter intake, weaning average daily gain (ADG), weaning and overall G:F ratio, and postweaning total-tract dry matter digestibility, as opposed to those fed starter mixtures with SM. However, these differences did not affect overall starter intake, overall ADG, or final BW. Supplementation with MSB only tended to increase the preweaning starter mixture intake. In study 2, heifer calves that were fed starter mixtures with CM had greater cumulative starter intake after weaning, but the protein source in the starter mixture had no effect on ADG, BW, or G:F ratio. Inclusion of MSB in starter mixtures for calves tended to decrease postweaning starter mixture intake. In conclusion, use of CM or SM as the main source of protein in starter mixture resulted in similar growth performance of bull and heifer calves; however, CM use in starter mixtures reduced starter intake, ADG, and G:F ratio at least at some points of rearing. Supplementation of MSB had minor effects on the growth performance of calves.

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Section: Effect Of Protein Sourcesupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Effect Of Protein Sourcementioning

confidence: 78%

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Canola meal or soybean meal as protein source and the effect of microencapsulated sodium butyrate supplementation in calf starter mixture. I. Performance, digestibility, and selected blood variables

Burakowska

Penner

Korytkowski

et al. 2021

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…Given that CM can have a greater proportion of RUP than SBM (Broderick et al, 2016), shifting the site of digestion toward postruminal regions of the gastrointestinal tract may limit total-tract CP digestibility in calves. Recent research evaluating use of CM as a substitute for SBM has reported that CM does not affect the activity of intestinal proteolytic brush-border enzymes in calves (Burakowska et al, 2021a), nor did it affect pancreatic secretions (Khorasani et al, 1990), further suggesting that increasing RUP through greater CM inclusion may decrease total-tract CP digestibility. This speculation is further supported by the linear decrease in plasma urea concentration in the current study, which has been observed when CM fully replaces SBM (Burakowska et al, 2021b) and for reduced ileal amino acid digestibility (Khorasani et al, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, CM use in calf starter mixtures could also yield positive results, provided the whole starter is balanced for NDF and starch. Additionally, during a recent study (Burakowska et al, 2021a), when CM was compared with SBM as a protein source for calves, it resulted in an improved fecal score (lesser incidence of diarrhea) and greater weight of the jejunal tissue, further indicating potential benefits for its use. However, a limited number of studies have evaluated graded CM inclusion rates, rather than full replacement of SBM (Hadam et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of canola meal inclusion rate in starter mixtures for Holstein heifer calves on dry matter intake, average daily gain, ruminal fermentation, plasma metabolites, and total-tract digestibility

Burakowska

Górka

Penner

2021

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objective of this study was to determine the effects of the canola meal (CM) inclusion rate in pelleted starter mixtures for Holstein heifer calves on dry matter intake, average daily gain, ruminal fermentation, plasma metabolites, and total-tract digestibility. Fifty Holstein heifer calves were blocked by birth date and body weight and, within block, randomly assigned to 1 of 5 pelleted starter treatments with 0, 15, 30, 45, or 60% of the crude protein supplied by CM instead of soybean meal (SBM). Pellets were formulated to be similar in crude protein (24.3%), starch (26.6%), and neutral detergent fiber (17.8%) and were provided to calves starting on d 8 of age, with starter intake measured daily. From 8.0 ± 0.0 (mean ± standard deviation) d of age through d 35.3 ± 2.4, calves were fed milk replacer at 15% of body weight, offered in 3 equal feedings at 0600, 1500, and 2100 h. After that, a gradual 21-d step-down weaning process was imposed, where no further milk replacer was provided starting on d 57.0 ± 0.0. Data for milk replacer and starter intake were calculated to determine weekly averages. On d 62.2 ± 0.8 of age, blood was collected every 4 h and analyzed for glucose, β-hydroxybutyrate, insulin, and urea concentrations. From d 66.2 ± 0.8 of age and extending for 3 d, fecal samples were collected every 12 h with a 3-h daily offset, to estimate fecal nutrient output and to determine apparent total-tract digestibility. Additionally, ruminal fluid (d 70.2 ± 0.8 of age) was sampled at 1300 h through an esophageal tube connected to a vacuum pump. The pH of ruminal fluid was measured, and ruminal fluid was analyzed to determine short-chain fatty acid and ammonia concentrations. Data were analyzed with fixed effect of treatment and random effect of block. Polynomial contrasts were calculated to assess linear, quadratic, and cubic effects with repeated measures statement for variables analyzed over time. Starter intake, average daily gain, body weight, and feed efficiency did not differ among treatments. Crude protein and ether extract digestibility were affected in a cubic manner, where CP was greatest for CM0, CM30, and CM45, and ether extract digestibility was least for CM15 and CM60. The molar proportion of acetate responded cubically, but the proportions of propionate and butyrate did not differ among treatments. Ruminal ammonia and plasma urea concentrations were not affected by CM inclusion rate. In conclusion, CM can replace up to 60% of the CP provided from SBM without affecting starter intake and growth of calves.

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Interactions of starter starch and sodium butyrate for preweaned dairy calves: Growth performance, rumen development, and microbiota

Wu,

Zhang,

Wang

et al. 2023

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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Canola meal or soybean meal as protein source and the effect of microencapsulated sodium butyrate supplementation in calf starter mixture. II. Development of the gastrointestinal tract

Cited by 5 publications

References 49 publications

Canola meal or soybean meal as protein source and the effect of microencapsulated sodium butyrate supplementation in calf starter mixture. I. Performance, digestibility, and selected blood variables

Canola meal or soybean meal as protein source and the effect of microencapsulated sodium butyrate supplementation in calf starter mixture. I. Performance, digestibility, and selected blood variables

Effects of canola meal inclusion rate in starter mixtures for Holstein heifer calves on dry matter intake, average daily gain, ruminal fermentation, plasma metabolites, and total-tract digestibility

Interactions of starter starch and sodium butyrate for preweaned dairy calves: Growth performance, rumen development, and microbiota

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