Canonical correlations between somatic features and postural stability in children aged 10–12 years

Abstract

Introduction: The analysis of somatic features is an important part of health assessment. Body mass, height, and the size of the support surface are determinants of static mechanical stability Aim of the research: To analyse canonical correlations between somatic features and postural stability in children aged 10-12 years. Material and methods: The study included 301 children aged 10-12 years. Body composition was assessed using the method of bioelectrical impedance analysis, which consists of the evaluation of resistance to the flow of an electric current. Postural stability was evaluated using the Biodex Balance System platform. Postural stability testing was performed with both feet positioned on a stable surface, with open eyes. Results and conclusions: Measurements of somatic traits and body composition, which were compared to norms, showed that the majority of subjects had normal somatic features and body composition. All children during the postural stability test were in research Zone A, and most of them tended to lean to the right and left back (Quadrant III, IV). There were significant correlations between somatic variables and postural stability. On the somatic variables side, the largest share was in body height and muscle mass (%), and the highest shares in the postural stability variables were the total stability index, the percentage of time spent in Quadrant III, and the percentage of time spent in Quadrant IV. Body height and muscle mass (%) were most strongly correlated with variable postural stability. Streszczenie Wprowadzenie: Analiza cech somatycznych jest ważnym elementem oceny stanu zdrowia dzieci. Masa ciała, wysokość i wielkość powierzchni podparcia są wyznacznikami statycznej stabilności mechanicznej. Cel pracy: Analiza korelacji kanonicznych między cechami somatycznymi a stabilnością posturalną u dzieci w wieku 10-12 lat. Materiał i metody: Badaniami objęto 301 dzieci w wieku 10-12 lat. Skład ciała oceniono metodą impedancji bioelektrycznej, która polega na ocenie oporności przepływu prądu elektrycznego. Stabilność postawy badano za pomocą platformy Biodex Balance System. Wykonano test stabilności postawy z obiema stopami ustawionymi na stabilnym tle z otwartymi oczami. Wyniki i wnioski: Pomiary cech somatycznych i składu ciała, które porównywano z normami, wykazały, że większość badanych miała prawidłowe cechy somatyczne i skład ciała. Wszystkie dzieci w czasie testu stabilności posturalnej znajdowały się w strefie badawczej A i większość z nich miała tendencję do wychylania ciała w prawy i lewy tył (kwadrat III, IV). Stwierdzono istotne korelacje między zmiennymi somatycznymi a stabilnością posturalną. Po stronie zmiennych somatycznych największy udział miały wysokość ciała i masa mięśni (%), a po stronie zmiennych stabilności posturalnej-całkowity indeks stabilności, procent czasu przebywania w III kwadracie i procent czasu przebywania w IV kwadracie. Wysokość ciała i masa mięśni (%) były najsilniej skorelowane ze zmiennymi stabilności posturalnej.

Relationship Between Electromyographic Frequency of the Erector Spinae and Location, Direction, and Number of Spinal Curvatures in Children with Scoliotic Changes

“…The manufacturer of the Diers, formetric III 4D model number: 4D-65388 is DIERS International GmbH Dillenbergweg, Schlangenbad Germany. 10 , 26 To make a proper diagnosis in the case of scoliotic changes, X-rays are very often used in addition to clinical examination. Also, follow-up examinations during the already implemented treatment require taking a series of X-rays at regular intervals, which is a problem from the point of view of radiation load, especially for children and adolescents.…”

“…28 Also, our several years of observations and studies on 5000 children allow to confirm that the Diers formetric III 4D increases the angle of curvature of the spine and does not always coincide with the Cobb angle test visible in X-ray. 10 The creators of the surface topography method are aware of this, and therefore, recommend the criterion of assuming 3 parameters corresponding with the X-ray examination to determine scoliotic changes. The occurrence of scoliotic posture and scoliosis was found by considering the values of 3 variables: pelvic tilt (mm), lateral deviation (mm) and surface rotation (°).…”

“…9 In our research, performed using the surface topography method via the Diers formetric III 4D, it was demonstrated that scoliosis occurred in 3.65%, while scoliotic posture was present in 53.49% of school children. 10 The basic problem is not the pain or respiratory and circulatory system disorders typical for adults, but the risk of deformity progression in children with this disease. It becomes greater the sooner scoliosis occurs.…”

Level of Vocabulary Development and Selected Elements Regarding Sensory Integration and Balance in 5-Year-Old Girls and Boys

“…Disorders of this kind directly affect deficits in the sphere of speech transmission and reception. They also hinder learning and play (incorrect body posture, high level of fatigue, and reduced concentration) and negatively affect a child’s social and emotional functioning [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Evaluation of postural stability in girls and boys during the adolescence period

“…Although, on the whole, girls enter puberty earlier than boys, both genders at the age of around 14 show a clear reluctance to perform physical exercises and participate in physical education classes. Therefore, in order to assess the risk of injury in groups of young people going through their puberty, it is important to use reliable and not technologically advanced tests for both static and dynamic balance [12].…”