Canopy enhanced chloride deposition in coastal South Australia and its application for the chloride mass balance method

Deng, Zijuan; Priestley, Stacey C.; Guan, Huade; Love, Andrew J.; Simmons, Craig T.

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.05.040

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Following Deng et al (2013), we define the enhancement due to vegetation E (%) as the relative increase in chloride deposition induced by the canopy:…”

Section: Rainfall/throughfall Collection and Chloride Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the downwind reduction equals the canopy-induced enhancement, vegetation might not change the total chloride deposition at basin scale. Nevertheless, Deng et al (2013) have shown evidence to support vegetation enhanced chloride deposition over a catchment. Moreover, even if the effect of vegetation only results in the redistribution of the chloride deposition, measurements in the open field (downwind of vegetation stands) would underestimate the total chloride deposition.…”

Section: Chloride Deposition Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Eriksson and Khunakasem (1969) estimated an average 30% increase of chloride deposition due to vegetation and applied it uniformly over the study area, thus implying a 30% increase of the recharge estimates compared with estimates that would neglect this effect. Deng et al (2013) also demonstrated the significance of the effect of vegetation for the CMB method by discussing a number of examples where neglecting the enhancement due to vegetation would imply an underestimation of up to 100% of the recharge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…When the captured chloride is flushed during rainfall events, it reaches the land surface and can infiltrate into the soil. Depending on vegetation type, canopy structure, height, age, density, distance from the forest edge, distance from the coast and meteorological conditions the presence of vegetation can result in an increase of the atmospheric chloride deposition ranging between 20% and 2200% (Parker, 1983;Ulrich, 1983;Beier and Gundersen, 1989;Lindberg et al, 1990;Peters, 1991;Granat and Hällgren, 1992;Stuyfzand, 1993;Neary and Gizyn, 1994;Crockford et al, 1996;Moreno et al, 2001;Erisman and Draaijers, 2003;Kauffman et al, 2003;Herrmann et al, 2006;Małek and Astel, 2008;Brecciaroli et al, 2012;Deng et al, 2013). While this effect has been fully recognised and studied in the fields of atmospheric science and forestry, it has not often been accounted for in the CMB method for groundwater recharge estimation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Spatial variability of chloride deposition in a vegetated coastal area: Implications for groundwater recharge estimation

Bresciani

Ordens

Werner

et al. 2014

Journal of Hydrology

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“…Following Deng et al (2013), we define the enhancement due to vegetation E (%) as the relative increase in chloride deposition induced by the canopy:…”

Section: Rainfall/throughfall Collection and Chloride Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chloride Deposition Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Spatial variability of chloride deposition in a vegetated coastal area: Implications for groundwater recharge estimation

Bresciani

Ordens

Werner

et al. 2014

Journal of Hydrology

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“…Net rainfall reaches the forest floor through the tree canopy by throughfall and stem flow (Aikawa et al, 2006;Deng et al, 2013;Hinko-Najera et al, 2015;Rahmani et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2009). Throughfall is the part of rainfall that reaches forest floor either through dripping from the tree canopies and after fulfilling initial interception storage or direct passing the canopy gaps (Chappell and Bidin, 2001;David et al, 2011;Díaz et al, 2007;Guswa and Spence, 2012;Huber and Iroumé, 2001;Rahmani et al, 2011;Roberts and Rosier, 2005;Wuyts et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2006;Zimmermann and Zimmermann, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal variation of throughfall in a hyrcanian plain forest stand in Northern Iran

Yousefi

Sadeghi

Mirzaee

et al. 2017

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

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Elucidating segregation of precipitation in different components in forest stands is important for proper forest ecosystems management. However, there is a lack of information on important rainfall components viz. throughfall, interception and stemflow in forest watersheds particularly in developing countries. We therefore investigated the spatiotemporal variation of important component of throughfall for a forest stand in a Hyrcanian plain forest in Noor City, northern Iran. The study area contained five species of Quercus castaneifolia, Carpinus betulus, Populus caspica and Parrotia persica. The research was conducted from July 2013 to July 2014 using a systematic sampling method. Ninetysix throughfall collectors were installed in a 3.5 m × 3.5 m grid cells. The canopy covers during the growing/leaf-on (i.e., from May to November) and non-growing/leaf-off (i.e., from December to March) seasons were approximately 41% and 81%, respectively. The mean cumulative throughfall during the study period was 623±31 mm. The average throughfall (TF) as % of rainfall (TFPR) during leaf-on and leaf-off periods were calculated 56±14% and 77±10%, respectively. TF was significantly (R 2 = 0.97, p = 0.00006) correlated with gross precipitation. Percent of canopy cover was not correlated with TF except when gross precipitation was <30 mm. A comparison between leaf-off and leaf-on conditions indicated a significantly higher TFPR and corresponding hotspots during leaf-on period. TFPR also differed between seasons with a maximum amount in winter (82%). The results of the study can be effectively used by forest watershed managers for better perception of hydrological behavior of the Hyrcanian forest in the north of Iran under different silvicultural circumstances leading to getting better ecosystem services.

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Spatio‐temporal distribution of atmospheric chloride deposition over a small island

Teixeira,

Ordens,

McIntyre

et al. 2023

Hydrological Processes

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Estimating chloride deposition rates is important for several applications. The conservative nature of chloride makes it a widely used natural tracer for hydrological investigations, such as groundwater recharge estimations and catchment salt balances. Additionally, chloride deposition is used to identify the sources and pathways of air pollutants as well as predict the likelihood of corrosion in infrastructures. The variability of atmospheric chloride (Cl−) deposition is a crucial consideration in hydrological investigations, particularly in coastal areas where it can fluctuate greatly. On small islands, spatial variations of chloride deposition have been found to be particularly strong, which may lead to large estimation errors when assuming point measurements are representative of larger areas. This paper aims to improve knowledge of the factors affecting chloride deposition's spatial and temporal variability in small islands using Norfolk Island (South Pacific) as a case study. A monitoring network consisting of 15 open‐site rainwater collectors was installed, from which 275 rainwater samples were collected for the period September 2020–July 2022. Total deposition rates for this period varied from 22.7 to 36.7 mg m−2 d−1 for sites located more than 400 meters from the coast. A higher variation is observed closer to the coast, with values varying from 50.9 to 1022.7 mg m−2 d−1 for sites located between 50 and 200 m from the coast. Statistical analysis shows that distance from the nearest point on the coast and elevation above sea level are significant factors contributing to spatial variability of chloride deposition, whereas period‐total rainfall depth and period‐average maximum daily wind gust speed significantly affect the temporal variability. This study contributes to knowledge on chloride deposition variability as well as the understanding of factors contributing to this variability in small islands. Additionally, a double exponential model for spatial distribution of chloride deposition in small islands is proposed.

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Canopy enhanced chloride deposition in coastal South Australia and its application for the chloride mass balance method

Cited by 21 publications

References 54 publications

Spatial variability of chloride deposition in a vegetated coastal area: Implications for groundwater recharge estimation

Spatial variability of chloride deposition in a vegetated coastal area: Implications for groundwater recharge estimation

Spatio-temporal variation of throughfall in a hyrcanian plain forest stand in Northern Iran

Spatio‐temporal distribution of atmospheric chloride deposition over a small island

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