Capability of the nematode-trapping fungus Duddingtonia flagrans to reduce infective larvae of gastrointestinal nematodes in goat feces in the southeastern United States: dose titration and dose time interval studies

Terrill, T.H.; Larsen, M.; Samples, Oreta; Husted, Søren; Miller, James E.; Kaplan, Ray M.; Gelaye, S.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2003.09.024

Cited by 88 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In laboratory conditions, Peña et al [19], by administering chlamydospore doses from 2.5 × 10 4 to 5 × 10 5 /kg BW per day to sheep, obtained reductions of the larval development of H. contortus from 76.6 to 100% without a significant difference between the doses by comparison with a control group. Similarly, Terrill et al [23] when using the same range of chlamydospore dose rates in goats observed reductions in Haemonchus L3 development varying from 80.2 to 93.6% without any clear trend. Moreover, at the same dose rate (2.5 × 10 5 chlamydospores/kg BW/day) in two consecutive experiments, these authors found a larval reduction ranging from 54.8 to 80.2%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…When comparing a daily versus every second or third day feeding of D. flagrans to goats, Terrill et al [23] showed that the average larval reduction decreased from 54.8 to 20-22% respectively. This strongly suggests that daily feeding of chlamydospores is essential to maintain a steady reduction in the larval emergence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In goats, preliminary studies have shown that D. flagrans is able to reduce the number of larvae in coproculture of two of the predominant nematode species in France, Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus colubriformis by more than 80% in experimental studies [17,18] and from 50 to 80% in a plot study [4]. Similarly, Terrill et al [23] in the southeastern United States and Chandrawathani et al [2] in Malaysia have demonstrated the capability of D. flagrans to limit the number of Haemonchus contortus infective larvae in faecal cultures in tropical conditions when varying the chlamydospore dose rates or fungal delivery systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Administration of Duddingtonia flagrans chlamydospores to goats to control gastro-intestinal nematodes: dose trials

et al. 2005

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-The ability of the nematophagous fungus Duddingtonia flagrans to reduce the number of infective nematode larvae in coproculture was investigated in goats using different doses of chlamydospores (0, 1.25 × 10 5 , 2.5 × 10 5 , 5 × 10 5 chlamydospores/kg BW/day) given by oral administration or by voluntary consumption in feed during natural or experimental infections with nematodes. The kinetics of excretion of D. flagrans chlamydospores in the faeces was also determined using a dose of 5 × 10 5 chlamydospores/kg BW/day for five days. For all the trials, the faecal nematode egg outputs were determined by a modified McMaster method and standard coprocultures were set up (14 days, 25 °C) to determine the number of larvae emerging from culture in fungus treated and control faeces. When chlamydospores were orally administered, the number of larvae were reduced by 50 to 97% when compared to control cultures. No difference in the level of larval emergence from the culture was seen for experimental or natural infections at the different chlamydospore dose rates. In contrast, when chlamydospores were distributed in the feed, a dosedependent relationship was observed 10 days after the start of administration, the larval development being 2.0%, 14.0% and 86.9% for 5 × 10 5 , 2.5 × 10 5 and 0 spores/kg BW/day, respectively. In addition, the kinetic study showed that the larval emergence from coproculture in the fungus group was statistically lower than in the control group from the second day of administration of the chlamydospores and remained lower until the second day after the last administration (p < 0.05). The results indicate that, for goats in farm conditions, a minimum daily dose of 5 × 10 5 chlamydospores/kg BW must be used to ensure a high treatment efficacy and that daily administration is preferable for maintenance of efficacy over time.goat / biological control / Duddingtonia flagrans / nematode parasite / dose trials

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Administration of Duddingtonia flagrans chlamydospores to goats to control gastro-intestinal nematodes: dose trials

et al. 2005

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“…Despite its appreciable degree of efficacy, this method of parasite control is still not widely applicable. This may be attributed largely to the requirement for continuous oral or in-feed dosing with fungal spores to achieve the desired level of efficacy (Terrill et al, 2004;Paraud et al, 2005). Also the chlamydospores have a relatively short shelf life (less than one week) in a moist environment, which enables the fungal spores to start to germinate and become vulnerable to degradation during their passage through the animal host (Larsen, 2006).…”

Section: Biological Control: Use Of Fungal Sporesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and challenges in the effective and sustainable control ofHaemonchus contortusinfection in sheep. Review

2007

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Summary :Haemonchosis, with its very wide distribution, has become a very important production constraint in sheep farms in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions worldwide. Various intrinsic and extrinsic factors determine the survival of Haemonchus contortus and hence the development of the disease in the animal. In general, control of gastrointestinal nematode infestation in sheep relies heavily on anthelmintic treatments. However, the indiscriminate use of these drugs has led to the widespread emergence of drug resistant strains of parasites, that has necessitated the development and use of various parasite control methods such as grazing management, biological agents and vaccines and the selection of resistant breeds of animals, with or without moderate use of anthelmintics. The ultimate goal of such control programs is to enhance productivity, while minimising risks regarding drug resistance and consumer and environmental concerns. This review attempts to highlight the different methods employed in the control of haemonchosis in sheep and the practical limitations associated with both control programs and the internal and external factors associated with the parasite and its microenvironment. Résumé : MOYENS DE LUTTE CONTRE HAEMONCHUS CONTORTUS

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“…It has also been used for growing insect 8 or nematodes larvae in order to evaluate the larvicidal effects of fungi [9][10][11][12] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of cultivation of feces in vermiculite or charcoal to obtain larvae of Strongyloides venezuelensis

Ribeiro

Maia

Pereira

et al. 2014

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction:We compared feces culturing in charcoal or vermiculite to obtain Strongyloides venezuelensis larvae. Methods: Feces (5g) from infected rats was mixed with vermiculite (10g) or coal (10g) in plastic cups and incubated at 28°C for 48h. Larvae were recovered using Baermann-Moraes method. Results: Signifi cantly higher number of positive larval cultures were recovered from vermiculite than from charcoal (15/17 and 4/17, respectively; p < 0.001; 990.6 ± 307.5 and 215 ± 78.1 larvae, p = 0.027). Conclusions: Vermiculite yields more larvae and provides cleaner pellets, improving larvae identifi cation and facilitating their use for other purposes.Keywords: Charcoal. Strongyloides. Vermiculite.Cultivation of stool to obtain helminthic larvae is generally carried out with addition of different substrates or by spreading feces on plates containing solidifi ed agar nutrients 1,2 . The most commonly used culture medium is coal, which must be pure, lacking additives, and, in particular, being free from colloidal silver. Moreover, visualization of the larvae or adult worms is rendered diffi cult due to the presence of coal particles. Agar culture is laborious and requires appropriate growth medium, adequate glassware, and sterilization systems.Vermiculite is a compound formed by hydration of basaltic mineral; it has been used as a substrate for fecal culture, particularly in veterinary parasitology, as it has the advantages of being similar to soil and costing less [3][4][5][6][7] . It has also been used for growing insect 8 or nematodes larvae in order to evaluate the larvicidal effects of fungi 9-12 .Very few reports have compared the culturing of stools in vermiculite vs. that with addition of other media. Steffan et al. 13 compared the addition of vermiculite or polystyrene pellets to cultivate cattle feces and found that both signifi cantly improved growth of larvae of Ostertagia ostertagi and Cooperia oncophora as compared to the cultivation of feces without additives. Agyei 14 compared the addition of vermiculite or sawdust to cultivate cattle feces to obtain L3 larvae of Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Cooperia, and Oesophagostomum and concluded that the number of L3 larvae obtained from sawdust cultures was signifi cantly higher than those obtained by other techniques; the former also did not require further elaborate apparatus.As there have been no reports comparing the cultivation of feces in vermiculite and charcoal, we here compared vermiculite with charcoal as growth medium for larvae of Strongyloides venezuelensis. Feces of Wistar albino rats infected with S. venezuelensis (900 larvae, subcutaneously) were collected using an anticoprophagic cage. The eggs were quantifi ed with a McMaster chamber. Two identical samples (in terms of weight and eggs per gram) of feces were homogenized with vermiculite (Vermiculite Insulation Thermo-Acoustic Ltd., Belo Horizonte, MG; granulation 1) or coal (Tobasa Bioindustrial, Tocantinópolis, TO; granulation 4) in disposable plastic cups (200ml) at a ratio of t...

show abstract

Capability of the nematode-trapping fungus Duddingtonia flagrans to reduce infective larvae of gastrointestinal nematodes in goat feces in the southeastern United States: dose titration and dose time interval studies

Cited by 88 publications

References 20 publications

Administration of Duddingtonia flagrans chlamydospores to goats to control gastro-intestinal nematodes: dose trials

Administration of Duddingtonia flagrans chlamydospores to goats to control gastro-intestinal nematodes: dose trials

Trends and challenges in the effective and sustainable control ofHaemonchus contortusinfection in sheep. Review

Comparative study of cultivation of feces in vermiculite or charcoal to obtain larvae of Strongyloides venezuelensis

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