Capacidad de las plantas nativas en ambientes con drenaje ácido para la bioacumulación de metales pesados

Zegarra, Edell Doriza Aliaga; Cadenas, Edwin Julio Palomino; Torres, Edson Yupanqui; Poma, Martin Lucio Salvador; Bobadilla, Miguel; Acuña, Farah Hilden; Lucio, Magaly Noemi López

doi:10.32911/as.2009.v2.n1.371

2009

DOI: 10.32911/as.2009.v2.n1.371

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Capacidad de las plantas nativas en ambientes con drenaje ácido para la bioacumulación de metales pesados

Edell Doriza Aliaga Zegarra

Edwin Julio Palomino Cadenas

Edson Yupanqui Torres

et al.

Abstract: El presente trabajo se desarrolló en el departamento de Ancash - Perú, en humedales al toandinos que reciben drenajes ácidos de mina o roca. El propósito fue evaluar la capacidad de bioacumulación de metales por parte de la comunidad vegetal nativa. Fueron cuatro los escenarios evaluados en período de lluvia y en estiaje: Quebrada Honda, Quillcayhuanca, Fluancapeti y Mesapata. Las variables físicoquitnicas evaluadas in situ fueron pH, conductividad y temperatura (Método APHA). Se colectaron muestras de agua en… Show more

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Pyrosequencing-Based Assessment of the Microbial Community Structure of Pastoruri Glacier Area (Huascarán National Park, Perú), a Natural Extreme Acidic Environment

et al. 2015

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The exposure of fresh sulfide-rich lithologies by the retracement of the Nevado Pastoruri glacier (Central Andes, Perú) is increasing the presence of heavy metals in the water as well as decreasing the pH, producing an acid rock drainage (ARD) process in the area. We describe the microbial communities of an extreme ARD site in Huascarán National Park as well as their correlation with the water physicochemistry. Microbial biodiversity was analyzed by FLX 454 sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. The suggested geomicrobiological model of the area distinguishes three different zones. The proglacial zone is located in the upper part of the valley, where the ARD process is not evident yet. Most of the OTUs detected in this area were related to sequences associated with cold environments (i.e., psychrotolerant species of Cyanobacteria or Bacteroidetes). After the proglacial area, an ARD-influenced zone appeared, characterized by the presence of phylotypes related to acidophiles (Acidiphilium) as well as other species related to acidic and cold environments (i.e., acidophilic species of Chloroflexi, Clostridium and Verrumicrobia). Sulfur- and iron-oxidizing acidophilic bacteria (Acidithiobacillus) were also identified. The post-ARD area was characterized by the presence of OTUs related to microorganisms detected in soils, permafrost, high mountain environments, and deglaciation areas (Sphingomonadales, Caulobacter or Comamonadaceae).

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Pyrosequencing-Based Assessment of the Microbial Community Structure of Pastoruri Glacier Area (Huascarán National Park, Perú), a Natural Extreme Acidic Environment

et al. 2015

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Acid rock drainage in Nevado Pastoruri glacier area (Huascarán National Park, Perú): hydrochemical and mineralogical characterization and associated environmental implications

Santofimia

López-Pamo

Palomino

et al. 2017

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The generation of acid rock drainage (ARD) was observed in an area of Nevado Pastoruri as a result of the oxidative dissolution of pyrite-rich lutites and sandstones. These ARDs are generated as abundant pyrite becomes exposed to atmospheric conditions as a result of glacier retreat. The proglacial zone contains lagoons, springs, streams and wetlands, scant vegetation, and intense fluvioglacial erosion. This work reports a comprehensive identification and the results of sampling of the lagoons and springs belonging to the microbasin, which is the headwaters of the Pachacoto River, as well as mapping results based on the hydrochemical data obtained in our study. The physical properties and water chemistry of 12 springs and 22 lagoons from the proglacial zone are also presented. Water springs are far from being chemically uniform, with pH and EC values ranging between 2.55-6.42 and 23-1110 μS/cm respectively, which suggests a strong geologic control on water chemistry. Fe-SO concentrations confirm the intense process of pyrite oxidative dissolution. Many of the lagoons are affected by ARD, with low pH (~ 3), and high EC (256-1092 μS/cm) values when compared with unaffected lagoons (EC between 7 and 59 μS/cm), indicating a high degree of mineralization. The affected lagoons show higher concentrations of SO and SiO, and elements as Fe, Al, Mg, Mn, Zn, Co, and Ni, which are related to the alteration of pyrite and the dissolution of aluminosilicate minerals. Schwertmannite-goethite appears to be the most important mineral phases controlling the Fe solubility at a pH of 2-3.5. Moreover, they act as a sorbent of trace elements (As, Sb, V, Pb, Zn, Cr), which is an efficient mechanism of natural attenuation. Despite of this, the water flowing out from the basin is acid (pH 3.1) and contains significant concentrations of Fe (0.98 mg/L) and Al (3.76 mg/L) that confer mineral acidity to water. The Pachacoto River located 5.5 km downstream from this point showed a strong natural attenuation, with a pH of 6.9 and low concentration of metals. This mitigating process is possible due to (i) the formation of precipitates that retain toxic elements and (ii) the mixing with natural waters that promote dilution, which favor the increase of pH until circumneutral conditions.

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Capacidad de las plantas nativas en ambientes con drenaje ácido para la bioacumulación de metales pesados

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Pyrosequencing-Based Assessment of the Microbial Community Structure of Pastoruri Glacier Area (Huascarán National Park, Perú), a Natural Extreme Acidic Environment

Pyrosequencing-Based Assessment of the Microbial Community Structure of Pastoruri Glacier Area (Huascarán National Park, Perú), a Natural Extreme Acidic Environment

Acid rock drainage in Nevado Pastoruri glacier area (Huascarán National Park, Perú): hydrochemical and mineralogical characterization and associated environmental implications

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