Capacidade de Busca e de Parasitismo de Cotesia flavipes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) em Lagartas de Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Abstract

A capacidade do parasitoide de localizar e parasitar o hospedeiro estão diretamente relacionados ao sucesso do controle biológico de pragas. Diante disso, o presente trabalho avaliou o efeito da idade de Cotesia flavipes Cameron na capacidade busca e no parasitismo em lagartas de Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) em condições de laboratório. Realizou-se uma liberação de 2000 parasitoides com 24 horas de idade. Foram colocados 40 internódios infestados artificialmente com a broca, na distância de cinco e dez metros, num total de 80 colmos por avaliação, durante seis dias. Constatou-se que no primeiro dia de liberação houve a maior porcentagem de parasitismo, diferindo apenas do quinto e sexto dia. Conclui-se que C. flavipes pode parasitar até 120 horas de vida em condições de laboratório e recomenda-se a liberação de indivíduos com 24 horas de vida por apresentarem maior percentual de parasitismo nessa idade.
 Ability to Quest and Parasitism of Cotesia flavipes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Larvae
 Abstract. The ability of the parasitoid to locate and parasitize the host is directly related to the success of biological control of pests. The effect of Cotesia flavipes Cameron’s age on the ability to quest and parasitism larvae of Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) in laboratory conditions was evaluated. An amount of 2,000 adults (24 hours aged) was released. Fourteen sugarcane borer artificially infested internodes were 5 and 10 m placed apart each other, comprising eighteen stalks in each evaluation, during six days. The higher parasitism rate was observed in the first day after parasitoid release, with significant differences from the fifth day on. Therefore, C. flavipes is able to efficiently parasitize until its first 120 hours of life in laboratory conditions. It makes possible a recommendation of 24-hours aged parasitoid releases, that possibly will be more efficient in the sugarcane borer biological control.

Characterization of morphological and biological aspects of venomous caterpillars of the genus Lonomia Walker (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) in Colombia

“…casanarensis . As in other Lepidoptera species [ 27 ], parasitoid larvae emerged from the integument of their hosts searching for a substrate on which to pupate after exiting the Lonomia caterpillar or pupa. We found that Enicospilus sp.…”

“…In addition to describing the immature stages of four species of Lonomia for the first time, we also recorded natural enemies of L. orientocordillera and L. casanarensis. As in other Lepidoptera species [27], parasitoid larvae emerged from the integument of their hosts searching for a substrate on which to pupate after exiting the Lonomia caterpillar or pupa. We found that Enicospilus sp.…”

Biological aspects and populational preference of Cotesia flavipes between Diatraea saccharalis and Diatraea flavipennella

“…For free choice test, each arena held two fragments of sugarcane stalks with 23 cm in length, variety RB 579 infested with one larva of each Diatraea species per stalk, 24 hours before releasing C. flavipes. This procedure provided conditions close to those found in the field and the maximum parasitism capacity (Santos & Mihsfeldt, 2014). Each treatment consisted of 10 replicates, being each one represented by a cage having their ends sealed after the parasitoid female release.…”

“…Historically, the most used and viable D. saccharalis management method is the biological control with the use of larval parasitoid Cotesia flavipes Cameron, 1891 (Silva et al, 2014). The efficacy of this parasitoid is proved by a set of samples using visuals and olfactory cues (Silva et al, 2012), search capability in several ages (Santos & Mihsfeldt, 2014), and selectivity (Rossoni et al, 2014), leading to greater susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis action (Mahmoud et al, 2011). However, this Braconidae wasp has not been sufficient for D. flavipennella control, being its combined use with entomopathogenic fungi recommended to control this pest (Valente et al, 2014).…”