Capacitance multiplier design by using CFOA-

Single current follower differential input transconductance amplifier based grounded lossy capacitance multiplier with large multiplication factor

“…These circuits can be categorized as lossless/lossy and/or grounded/floating capacitance multiplier circuits and are used in the design of analog filters and oscillators. Many lossless CM circuits 1,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] and a few lossy capacitance multiplier circuits [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] employing different ABBs have been reported in literature. As the present work focusses on lossy capacitance multipliers, in the following, we provide a detailed description of previously reported lossy CM circuits to put the proposed work in proper perspective.…”

New negative‐grounded capacitance multiplier circuits

“…For low frequency applications, mostly higher value capacitance is used that increases the size of capacitor (which requires large area on silicon chip and not suitable from the view point of IC fabrication) 1–3 . Consequently, to alleviate these limitations, researchers and circuit designers have stimulated various positive CMs 4–24 and negative CMs, 25–37 employing different active building blocks. These CMs may find various applications in the design of low frequency filters, low frequency oscillators, and integration of a phase‐locked loop filter 38 .…”