Capacitive deionization of a RO brackish water by AC/graphene composite electrodes

Electrosorption performance on graphene-based materials: a review

“…Chong et al 84 fabricated GAC composite by dispersion of activated carbon in graphene and the electrosorption efficiency of the electrode increased from 1.6% to 3.0% in the regeneration cycles under +1.2 → 0 → +1.2 V while the efficiency of the activated carbon electrode decreased from 2.7% to 1.6%. Zhang et al 85 prepared graphene/carbon aerogels composite (GCCAS) and the best electrosorption capacity was 26.9 mg g −1 and 18.9 mg g −1 in NaCl solutions with concentrations of 500 mg L −1 and 250 mg L −1 , respectively.…”

“…82 The composites of carbon-based materials and graphene have been shown to be a new method to improve the electrosorption capacity of graphene because the inserted carbon-based materials act as a conductive network and inhibit graphene sheet aggregation. 15,83 Chong et al 84 fabricated GAC composite by dispersion of activated carbon in graphene and the electrosorption efficiency of the electrode increased from 1.6% to 3.0% in the regeneration cycles under +1.2 / 0 / +1.2 V while the efficiency of the activated carbon electrode decreased from 2.7% to 1.6%. Zhang et al 85 prepared graphene/carbon aerogels composite (GCCAS) and the best electrosorption capacity was 26.9 mg g −1 and 18.9 mg g −1 in NaCl solutions with concentrations of 500 mg L −1 and 250 mg L −1 , respectively.…”

Pseudocapacitive Deionization of Saltwater by Mn3O4@C/Activated Carbon

“…In response to the shortage and uneven water distribution of freshwater, developing effective methods for desalination of saltwater to freshwater is of increasing importance. − Attributable to the environmental friendliness and relatively low energy consumption, capacitive deionization (CDI) using carbon electrodes has been widely studied for the desalination of saltwater. − The CDI cell is generally comprised of two conductive electrodes coated with high surface area carbon materials such as activated carbon (AC), carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, and graphene. − Under applied voltages (0.6–1.5 V), electrical double layers (EDLs) are formed on the surfaces of the carbon electrodes for electrosorption of opposite ions. , Ions that are captured by EDLs depend on the capacitance and pore structure of the carbon materials. − The typical CDI processes based on the weak electrosorption on EDLs have, however, common drawbacks of low throughput capacity and electrosorption rates that may limit their commercial applications …”

“… 1 − 3 Attributable to the environmental friendliness and relatively low energy consumption, capacitive deionization (CDI) using carbon electrodes has been widely studied for the desalination of saltwater. 4 − 6 The CDI cell is generally comprised of two conductive electrodes coated with high surface area carbon materials such as activated carbon (AC), carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, and graphene. 7 − 10 Under applied voltages (0.6–1.5 V), electrical double layers (EDLs) are formed on the surfaces of the carbon electrodes for electrosorption of opposite ions.…”

Experimental and theoretical study of a new CDI device for the treatment of desulfurization wastewater

“…Currently, CDI has been studied in many wastewater treatments. For example, seawater , brackish water (Chong et al 2018;Huo et al 2020), nuclear power wastewater (Zhou et al 2020) , dye wastewater , wastewater containing heavy metals (Bharath et al 2019;Jin and Hu 2020;Thamilselvan et al 2018;You et al 2020), etc. But CDI has rarely been studied for the treatment of thermal power plant desulfurization wastewater.…”