Capacitor voltage balancing in modular multilevel converters

Korn, A. J.; Winkelnkemper, M.; Steimer, P.K.; Kolar, Johann W.

doi:10.1049/cp.2012.0158

Cited by 32 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Due to the multiple-input multiple-output structure of the converter and its various internal dynamics, this control problem is intrinsically difficult to address. The vast majority of control methods proposed so far for MMCs is based on hierarchical schemes with multiple PI control loops and pulse width modulators (PWM) [2]- [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model predictive current control of modular multilevel converters

Darivianakis

Geyer

Merwe

2014

2014 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)

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This paper proposes a model predictive controller for high-power modular multilevel converter operating at low switching frequencies. The controller regulates the load currents along their reference trajectories, controls the circulating currents and controls the sum of the capacitor voltages per branch. Upper limits on the branch currents and capacitor voltages are imposed in the controller formulation. The controller manipulates the voltage references of a carrier-based pulse width modulator. A subsequent balancing controller maintains the capacitor voltages within each branch around their average voltage. Unlike hierarchical schemes based on multiple PI control loops, the proposed controller achieves not only a very good performance at steady-state operation but also very fast current responses during load transients, while maintaining the branch currents and capacitor voltages within their safe operating limits.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model predictive current control of modular multilevel converters

Darivianakis

Geyer

Merwe

2014

2014 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)

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“…The phase references are converted into branch references (3) and (9). The branches are balanced among each other as described in [11]. The branch balancing controller (10) cerates circulating currents only and zero phase currents, because the phase current is already controlled by the power controller (5) which controls the converter energy as a whole.…”

Section: Control Scheme and Softwarementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For DC/AC MMC, the research work has been focused on using MMC as a motor drive [6]- [10]. The corresponding control schemes have used AC current control and cell capacitor voltage balancing based on intentionally injecting branch current [11].…”

Section: A Brief Introduction Of MMC and Its Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional megawatt scale medium voltage DC test bed based on modular multilevel converter (MMC) technology

Steurer

Bogdan

Bosworth

et al. 2015

2015 International Conference on Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway, Ship Propulsion and Road Vehicles (ESARS)

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The recent development of modular multilevel converters (MMC) provides new opportunities for medium voltage DC (MVDC) systems for all electric ship design and offshore wind parks. Therefore, the Center for Advanced Power Systems at Florida State University has recently commissioned a new MVDC power-hardware-in-the-loop laboratory rated at 5 MW at DC voltages between 6…24 kV. The new lab features four individual MMCs, each composed of 36 full-bridge cells, and capable of delivering 210 A at 0…6 kV. This paper describes the entire system in detail, including the advanced current and voltage control concepts along with the state of the art digital control hardware. Selected commissioning results demonstrate the performance of the system under dynamic conditions and provide comparison with simulations obtained from a corresponding controller hardware-in-the-loop setup which is also described in the paper.Keywords-modular multilevel converter, medium voltage DC, shipboard power system, hardware-in-the-loop, fault management

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“…Capacitor bank energy balancing for each cell is required [5,6]. Therefore, a centralized controller must be implemented.…”

Section: MMC Basicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Converter energy balancing in MMC system energy sharing using master controller

Błaszczyk

Winkelnkemper

Schwager

2015

2015 International Conference on Electrical Drives and Power Electronics (EDPE)

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Modular Multilevel Converters (MMC) are powerelectronics systems built with number of submodules connected in series/parallel manner to increase voltage and current range of the converter in comparison with single component rating what allows to use low-voltage low-power products in MVDC and HVDC applications. For increase of voltage or power multiple MMCs can be connected in series or parallel. This paper introduces a new energy balancing algorithm for such multi-converter systems. The problem of equal energy sharing is highlighted. Control algorithms are presented. Finally, simulation test results are shown from system comprising two MMCs in configurable parallel and series connection.

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Capacitor voltage balancing in modular multilevel converters

Cited by 32 publications

References 7 publications

Model predictive current control of modular multilevel converters

Model predictive current control of modular multilevel converters

Multifunctional megawatt scale medium voltage DC test bed based on modular multilevel converter (MMC) technology

Converter energy balancing in MMC system energy sharing using master controller

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