Capacity of a Burst-Noise Channel

Gilbert, E. N.

doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1960.tb03959.x

Cited by 2,055 publications

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“…Our network parameters are LR and MLBS. The network loss model used is the simplified Gilbert model [16] described in Section II. The range of LR and MLBS values was chosen considering very extreme scenarios and covering all possible loss conditions in VoIP problems.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Real-Time Estimation of Speech Quality through the Internet Using Echo State Networks

Basterrech¹,

Rubino²

2013

JACN

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Abstract-Audio quality in the Internet can be strongly affected by network conditions. As a consequence, many techniques to evaluate it have been developed. In particular, the ITU-T adopted in 2001 a technique called Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (PESQ) to automatically measuring speech quality. PESQ is a well-known and widely used procedure, providing in general an accurate evaluation of perceptual quality by comparing the original and received voice sequences.One obvious inherent limitation of PESQ is, thus, that it requires the original signal (we say the reference), to make its evaluation. This precludes the use of PESQ for assessing the perceived quality in real-time, as the reference is in general not available.In this paper, we describe a procedure for estimating PESQ output working only with measures taken on the network state and properties of the communication system, without any use of the reference. It is based on the use of statistical learning techniques. Specifically, we rely on recent ideas for learning with specific types of neural networks, known under the name of Echo State Networks (ESNs), a member of the class of Reservoir Computing systems. These tools have been proven to be very efficient and robust in many learning tasks. The experimental results obtained show the good accuracy of the resulting procedure, and its capability to give its estimations of speech quality in a real-time context. This allows putting our measuring modules in future Internet applications or services based on voice transmission, for instance for control purposes.Index Terms-Quality assessment, speech quality, echo state networks, reservoir computing. I. INTRODUCTIONMeasuring the quality of a voice signal transmitted over the Internet is an important topic today, and one of main available tools for this purpose is the Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (PESQ) method accepted in 2001 as the ITU-T objective speech quality measurement standard P.862 [1]. The network conditions vary over time, and in many contexts, several different factors lead to losses, which in turn lead to degradations in the perception of the quality by the users. PESQ analyzes this quality by comparing the received signal with the original speech sequence. For this reason, we say that it is a "full reference" technique, the reference being the original signal. Researchers in many areas use PESQ and the tool has been widely diffused in commercial measurement products. Recently, the ITU started to update its voice Manuscript received March 1, 2013; revised April 15, 2013. This work was supported in part by the European Celtic Project "QuEEN".S. Basterrech is with the University of Rennes 2, Rennes, France (e-mail: Sebastian.Basterrechtiscordio@etudiant.uhb.fr).G. Rubino is with the National Institute for Research in Computer Science and Control (INRIA Rennes -Bretagne Atlantique), Rennes, France (e-mail: Gerardo.Rubino@inria.fr). assessment recommendations by promoting the new P.863 standard Perceptual Objective Listening Quality Asse...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of them is a simplified version of Gilbert's model [16]. Let us denote by X n a binary random variable indicating if packet n is lost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Estimation of Speech Quality through the Internet Using Echo State Networks

Basterrech¹,

Rubino²

2013

JACN

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“…Every node has an input and an output buffer of 80 packets each to absorb the bursts of incoming and outgoing packets. Apart from packet losses due to the overflow of the input and output buffers and due to late arriving packets, we simulate packet losses on the input and the output links of the nodes via two-state Markovian models, often referred to as the Gilbert model [31]. For given stationary loss probability p and conditional loss probability (the probability that a packet is lost given that the previous packet was lost) p ω|ω we set the parameters of the model as described in [14].…”

Section: Simulation Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability and performance of overlay multicast systems employing forward error correction

Dán¹,

Fodor²

2010

Performance Evaluation

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The two main sources of impairment in overlay multicast systems are packet losses and node churn. Yet, little is known about their effects on the data distribution performance. In this paper we develop an analytical model of a large class of peer-to-peer streaming architectures based on decomposition and non-linear recurrence relations. We analyze the stability properties of these systems using fixed-point analysis. We derive bounds on the probability that nodes in the overlay receive an arbitrary packet of the stream. Based on the model, we explain the effects of the overlay's size, node heterogeneity, loss correlations and node churn on the overlay's performance. Our findings lead us to the definition of an overlay structure with improved stability properties. We show how and under what conditions overlays can benefit from the use of error control solutions, prioritization and taxation schemes. Based on our results, we identify the components that are needed to achieve good data distribution performance in multi-tree-based overlay multicast.

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“…Correlated Channel: For analysis we use a two-state GilbertElliot model [15], [16] with states '0' and '1' defined as the good and bad state respectively. A packet is received correctly if the channel is in state '0' and otherwise if in state '1'.…”

Section: Iid Channel: a Packet Is Lost Independently Of Other Trans-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Error-resilient packet header compression

Suryavanshi

Nosratinia

2008

IEEE Trans. Commun.

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Abstract-Full packet headers consume valuable bitrate, which is especially costly in satellite links and some terrestrial wireless links. This has motivated the compression of packet headers by exploiting their correlation via using finite-state machines. The drawback is that compression in the presence of channel errors (packet loss) may result in error propagation. We offer several designs by adapting error control codes for the requirements of packet header compression in uni-directional and bi-directional links, and explore the tradeoffs in complexity, delay, and system performance. For the bi-directional link, we propose a new design called predictive hybrid ARQ and evaluate its performance. Experiments show significant gains in link-layer throughput as well as improved application layer performance demonstrated via video transfer experiments.

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Capacity of a Burst-Noise Channel

Cited by 2,055 publications

References 1 publication

Real-Time Estimation of Speech Quality through the Internet Using Echo State Networks

Real-Time Estimation of Speech Quality through the Internet Using Echo State Networks

Stability and performance of overlay multicast systems employing forward error correction

Error-resilient packet header compression

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