Capacity of Community-Based Organisations to disseminate sleeping sickness information

Bukachi, SA; Nyamwaro, SO; Matete, G.; Karuga, JW

doi:10.4314/eamj.v82i8.9325

Cited by 3 publications

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“…The capacity of local organizations and leadership need to be taken into account [ 120 ]. This includes an appreciation of power structures, inequalities at the local level and how gatekeepers may be silencing other community groups from having a voice, and participating.…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing vulnerability, building resilience: community-based adaptation to vector-borne diseases in the context of global change

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThe threat of a rapidly changing planet – of coupled social, environmental and climatic change – pose new conceptual and practical challenges in responding to vector-borne diseases. These include non-linear and uncertain spatial-temporal change dynamics associated with climate, animals, land, water, food, settlement, conflict, ecology and human socio-cultural, economic and political-institutional systems. To date, research efforts have been dominated by disease modeling, which has provided limited practical advice to policymakers and practitioners in developing policies and programmes on the ground.Main bodyIn this paper, we provide an alternative biosocial perspective grounded in social science insights, drawing upon concepts of vulnerability, resilience, participation and community-based adaptation. Our analysis was informed by a realist review (provided in the Additional file 2) focused on seven major climate-sensitive vector-borne diseases: malaria, schistosomiasis, dengue, leishmaniasis, sleeping sickness, chagas disease, and rift valley fever. Here, we situate our analysis of existing community-based interventions within the context of global change processes and the wider social science literature. We identify and discuss best practices and conceptual principles that should guide future community-based efforts to mitigate human vulnerability to vector-borne diseases. We argue that more focused attention and investments are needed in meaningful public participation, appropriate technologies, the strengthening of health systems, sustainable development, wider institutional changes and attention to the social determinants of health, including the drivers of co-infection.ConclusionIn order to respond effectively to uncertain future scenarios for vector-borne disease in a changing world, more attention needs to be given to building resilient and equitable systems in the present.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi: 10.1186/s40249-017-0375-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing vulnerability, building resilience: community-based adaptation to vector-borne diseases in the context of global change

et al. 2017

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“…Since the two diseases are coendemic, a combined control strategy may include use of insecticide-treated nets, clearance of the habitats harbouring the vectors, and spraying of livestock with acaricides. The strategies can employ existing synergy from the local institutions such as nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and community-based organizations (CBOs) which have control programs on malaria and HIV [21]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Types of Coinfections in Sleeping Sickness Patients in Kenya (2000/2009)

Kagira

Maina

Njenga³

et al. 2011

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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The occurrence of coinfections in human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) patients was investigated using a retrospective data of hospital records at the National Sleeping Sickness Referral Hospital in Alupe, Kenya. A total of 31 patients, 19 males and 12 females, were diagnosed with HAT between the years 2000 and 2009. The observed co-infections included malaria (100%), helminthosis (64.5%), typhoid (22.5%), urinary tract infections (16.1%), HIV (12.9%), and tuberculosis (3.2%). The species of helminthes observed included Ancylostoma duodenale (38.7%), Ascaris lumbricoides (45.7%), Strongyloides stercoralis (9.7%), and Taenia spp. (3.2%). The patients were also infected with Entamoeba spp. (32.3%) and Trichomonas hominis (22.6%) protozoan parasites. The main clinical signs observed at the point of admission included headache (74.2%), fever (48.4%), sleep disorders (45.2%), and general body pain (41.9%). The HAT patients were treated with suramin (early stage, 9/31) and melarsoprol (late stage, 22/31). In conclusion, the study has shown that HAT patients have multiple co-infections which may influence the disease pathogenesis and complicate management of HAT.

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“…Community health workers’ knowledge of a community’s languages, customs, and context means that they are able to deliver health messages to groups in a culturally appropriate manner easily understood by them. In Kenya, community-based organizations (CBOs), such as women’s groups serving as CHWs, were found to be an effective means of disseminating information on human African trypanosomiasis (also known as African sleeping sickness) and perhaps even superior to previous top-down information dissemination programs because local groups would place a greater emphasis on community involvement, thereby improving control and surveillance program sustainability [ 15 ]. Okanlawon and Osanyintolu’s [ 16 ] work in Nigeria with CHWs trained as onchocerciasis community educators showed similar results.…”

Section: Primary Prevention Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Nurses and Community Health Workers in Confronting Neglected Tropical Diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review

2016

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IntroductionNeglected tropical diseases produce an enormous burden on many of the poorest and most disenfranchised populations in sub-Saharan Africa. Similar to other developing areas throughout the world, this region’s dearth of skilled health providers renders Western-style primary care efforts to address such diseases unrealistic. Consequently, many countries rely on their corps of nurses and community health workers to engage with underserved and hard-to-reach populations in order provide interventions against these maladies. This article attempts to cull together recent literature on the impact that nurses and community health workers have had on neglected tropical diseases.MethodsA review of the literature was conducted to assess the role nurses and community health workers play in the primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of neglected tropical diseases in sub-Saharan Africa. Articles published between January 2005 and December 2015 were reviewed in order to capture the full scope of nurses’ and community health workers’ responsibilities for neglected tropical disease control within their respective countries’ health systems.ResultsA total of 59 articles were identified that fit all inclusion criteria.ConclusionsSuccessful disease control requires deep and meaningful engagement with local communities. Expanding the role of nurses and community health workers will be required if sub-Saharan African countries are to meet neglected tropical disease treatment goals and eliminate the possibility future disease transmission. Horizontal or multidisease control programs can create complimentary interactions between their different control activities as well as reduce costs through improved program efficiencies—benefits that vertical programs are not able to attain.

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Capacity of Community-Based Organisations to disseminate sleeping sickness information

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Addressing vulnerability, building resilience: community-based adaptation to vector-borne diseases in the context of global change

Addressing vulnerability, building resilience: community-based adaptation to vector-borne diseases in the context of global change

Prevalence and Types of Coinfections in Sleeping Sickness Patients in Kenya (2000/2009)

The Role of Nurses and Community Health Workers in Confronting Neglected Tropical Diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review

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