Capillaria plica in Red Foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from Serbia: Epidemiology and Diagnostic Approaches to Urinary Capillariosis in Domestic Carnivores

Pearsonema plica in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from semi-arid areas of the Iberian Peninsula

“…The morphometric characteristics of the isolated adult nematodes coincided with those previously described for P. plica for Skrjabin et al (1970) , Aleksić et al (2020) , Pelligra et al (2020) and Eleni et al (2021) . Among the most important characteristics, are including the vulva appendage and the colourless, lemon-shaped eggs in females, as well as the characteristic triangular shape of the terminal caudal ala in males with a thin and long spicule, some of them shown in Fig.…”

“…In our study, no significant differences were found in relation to host variables (sex, age and KFI), may be due to the small number of positive foxes detected. In this regard, other authors also reported no differences of parasitized foxes by P. plica ( Davidson et al, 2006 ; Eira et al, 2006 ; Alić et al, 2015 ; Pelligra et al, 2020 ), or even these variables were not analysed at all ( Aleksić et al, 2020 ; Eleni et al, 2021 ). In contrast, Bork-Mimm and Rinder (2011) found higher prevalence in male foxes, although differences were not significant.…”

“…Many of the studies that have investigated the presence of P. plica included, apart from the examination of the urinary bladder, the analysis of the urine sediment ( Table 1 ). This method allows the detection of P. plica eggs and so, the infection even though no adult nematodes have been found in the bladder ( Aleksić et al, 2020 ). In this sense, Alić et al (2015) found no statistically significant differences when comparing prevalence results between the urine and bladder mucosa analyses, suggesting that, at least after the death of the individual (as in our study), the examination of the bladder, without performing the analysis of the urine sediment, provides a confident diagnosis.…”

“…However, severe cases have occasionally been described in wild canids and dogs with outdoor access, causing cystitis, pollakiuria, dysuria and hematuria ( Senior et al, 1980 ; Bédard et al, 2002 ; Callegari et al, 2010 ; Fernández-Aguilar et al, 2010 ; Rossi et al, 2011 ; Basso et al, 2014 ; Studzińska et al, 2015 ; Mariacher et al, 2016 ; Pelligra et al, 2020 ; Sioutas et al, 2021 ). Regarding wildlife, P. plica has been reported in several host species, including the red fox ( Vulpes vulpes ) ( Bork-Mimm and Rinder, 2011 ; Alić et al, 2015 ; Aleksić et al, 2020 ), wolf ( Canis lupus ) ( Segovia et al, 2001 ; Bagrade et al, 2009 ; Mariacher et al, 2015 ) and Fennoscandian Arctic fox ( Vulpes lagopus ) ( Fernández-Aguilar et al, 2010 ). In addition, Pearsonema spp.…”

Epizootiological and Clinical Significance of Stephanurus Dentatus Nematode in Swine

“…In the territory of the Republic of Serbia, there are reports related to problems of parasitic infections of the gastrointestinal tract in pigs (Ilić and Dimitrijević, 2005; Ilić and Dimitrijević, 2006;Ilić et al, 2011;Ilić et al, 2013;Ilić et al, 2021a), but there is no data in the literature on urinary tract parasitoses in this species of ungulate. Besides recent reports on urinary capillariasis of domestic and wild carnivores (Aleksić et al, 2020;Ilić et al, 2021b), not enough attention has been paid on studying urinary diseases of parasitic etiology of other animal species in previous research on animals in Serbia.…”