Capillary electrophoresis for the analysis of glycosaminoglycans and glycosaminoglycan‐derived oligosaccharides

Abstract

Glycosaminoglycans are a family of polydisperse, highly sulfated complex mixtures of linear polysaccharides that are involved in many life processes. Defining the structure of glycosaminoglycans is an important factor in elucidating their structure-activity relationship. Capillary electrophoresis has emerged as a highly promising technique consuming an extremely small amount of sample and capable of rapid, high-resolution separation, characterization and quantitation of analytes. Numerous capillary electrophoresis methods for analysis of intact glycosaminoglycans and glycosaminoglycan-derived oligosaccharides have been developed. These methods allow for both qualitative and quantitative analysis with a high level of sensitivity. This review is concerned with separation methods of capillary electrophoresis, detection methods and applications to several aspects of research into glycosaminoglycans and glycosaminoglycan-derived oligosaccharides. The importance of capillary electrophoresis in biological and pharmaceutical samples in glycobiology and carbohydrate biochemistry and its possible applications in disease diagnosis and monitoring chemical synthesis are described.

Metabolism and biochemical/physiological roles of chondroitin sulfates: analysis of endogenous and supplemental chondroitin sulfates in blood circulation

“…The methods that have been developed are described in the reviews of Grimshaw (1997), Mao et al (2002) and . However, capillary electrophoresis has not been applied to the determination of blood CS disaccharides so far.…”

Analyte Comigrating with Trisialotransferrin during Capillary Zone Electrophoresis of Sera from Patients with Cancer

“…A framework has been suggested by Johnson (40 ), starting with DNA, followed by RNA, and culminating with the glycan portion of glycoproteins. CZE seems particularly useful to study protein glycosylation (6,7 ) and glycosaminoglycans (33 ), and to measure the PS comigrating with the P3 peak.…”

HPLC-MS/MS of Highly Polar Compounds

“…Dermatan sulphate formerly called chondroitin sulphate B is similar to chondroitin sulphate A but instead of D-glucuronic acid it consists mainly of L-iduronic acid. Hyaluronic acid has alternating repeating units of the structure, (1→3) -N-acetyl-Dglucosamine (1→4) -D-glucuronic acid, but tipically it is not sulphated and the molecules are larger than the other glycosaminoglycans, often several million Da, with special rheologic characteristic (Mao et al, 2002). …”