Democratic workplaces or what I call "labor-managed firms" (LMFs) have been supported by a number of theorists who believe they would lead to a more just and wholly good society that better secures equality across social positions, increased democratic engagement, opportunity for meaningful work, and autonomy. For example, Robert Dahl has famously argued that "if democracy is justified in governing the state, then it must also be justified in governing economic enterprises" (Dahl 1985, 111). Carol Gould (1988 has maintained that workplace democracy is necessary for an equal positive right to self-development (1988)/self-transformation (2014). Those sympathetic to republican thought such as Elizabeth Anderson (2017) and González-Ricoy (2014) have referenced LMFs as a way to protect workers against arbitrary interference. Andrea Veltman (2016) and Ruth Yeoman (2014) think that LMFs are important vehicles in securing the good of meaningful work. LMFs are also attractive to liberal-socialist thinkers including David Miller (1989) and David Schweickart (1996), who, to quote Miller, claim that an economy of LMFs "combine the freedom and efficiency advantages of markets with a more democratic organization of work and more equal distribution of resources" (Miller 1989, 1).However, despite the purported benefits of LMFs, they have not spontaneously developed in any appreciable number. They currently constitute at most 3-4 percent of total firms in any developed economy and typically much less (Dow 2018b, 66). After several decades of economic investigation, the reasons for this dearth are starting to become clear. The fact of the matter is that for LMFs to predominate and an LMF economy to develop, LMFs will likely need to be mandated (more below). However, an LMF economy that is developed through state mandates is a different beast to one that develops entirely spontaneously since the state is intending for LMFs to predominate.The seeming necessity of direct state involvement has led several liberal thinkers to criticize an LMF economy as exploitative and illiberal, despite its reliance on the ostensibly freedom preserving market mechanism. This charge has been most recently advanced by Alan Thomas (2017) who,