Capsaicin pretreatment before JP-8 jet fuel exposure causes a large increase in airway sensitivity to histamine in rats

Witten, Mark L.; Pfaff, John K.; Lantz, R. Clark; Parton, Kathleen; Chen, H.; Hays, Allison M.; Kage, R.; Leeman, Susan E.

doi:10.1016/0167-0115(92)91031-t

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Further, major alterations in immune function that are long lasting may result in an increased likelihood of development and/or progression of cancer and infectious disease. Kerosene-based petroleum distillates such as jet fuel have been associated with hepatic, renal, neurological and pulmonary toxicity in both animals models and human occupational exposures (Chen et al, 1992; Dossing et al, 1985; Gaworski et al, 1984; Mattie et al, 1991; Pfaff et al, 1993; Pfaff et al, 1995; Struwe et al, 1983; Witten et al, 1990; Witten et al, 1992). Chronic exposure to jet fuel has been shown to cause human liver dysfunction, emotional dysfunction, abnormal electroencephalograms, shortened attention spans, decreased sensorimotor speed (Dossing et al, 1985; Struwe et al, 1983; Knave et al, 1978), and elevations of immunosuppressive serum cytokines (Harris et al, 2007a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of hydrocarbon composition and exposure conditions on jet fuel-induced immunotoxicity

Hilgaertner

Camacho

et al. 2011

Toxicol Ind Health

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Chronic jet fuel exposure could be detrimental to the health and well-being of exposed personnel, adversely affect their work performance and predispose these individuals to increased incidences of infectious disease, cancer and autoimmune disorders. Short-term (7 day) JP-8 jet fuel exposure has been shown to cause lung injury and immune dysfunction. Physiological alterations can be influenced not only by jet fuel exposure concentration (absolute amount), but also are dependent on the type of exposure (aerosol versus vapor) and the composition of the jet fuel (hydrocarbon composition). In the current study, these variables were examined with relation to effects of jet fuel exposure on immune function. It was discovered that real-time, in-line monitoring of jet fuel exposure resulted in aerosol exposure concentrations that were approximately one-eighth the concentration of previously reported exposure systems. Further, the effects of a synthetic jet fuel designed to eliminate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were also examined. Both of these changes in exposure reduced but did not eliminate the deleterious effects on the immune system of exposed mice.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of hydrocarbon composition and exposure conditions on jet fuel-induced immunotoxicity

Hilgaertner

Camacho

et al. 2011

Toxicol Ind Health

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“…Currently, there are no standards for U.S. Air Force personnel exposure to jet fuels of any kind, including JP -8 jet fuel. However, kerosenebased petroleum distillates have been associated with hepatic, renal, neurological and pulmonary toxicity in animals models and human occupational exposures ( Struwe et al, 1983;Gaworski et al, 1984;Dossing et al, 1985;Witten et al, 1990Witten et al, , 1992Mattie et al, 1991;Chen et al, 1992;Pfaff et al, 1993Pfaff et al, , 1995. NAVOSH has recommended that exposures be limited to 350 mg /m 3 over an 8h time period and no more than 1000 mg /m 3 for 15 min.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of short-term JP-8 jet fuel exposure on cell-mediated immunity

et al. 2000

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The U.S. Air Force has implemented the widespread use of JP-8 jet fuel in its operations, although a thorough understanding of its potential effects upon exposed personnel is unclear. Exposure to environmental toxicants such as JP-8 may have significant effects on host physiology. Jet fuel exposure has been shown to cause human liver dysfunction, abnormal electroencephalograms, shortened attention spans, and decreased sensorimotor speed. Previous studies have shown that short-term, low-concentration JP-8 exposure had significant effects on the immune system; e.g., decreased viable immune cell numbers, decreased immune organ weights, and loss of immune function that persisted for extended periods of time (i.e., up to 4 weeks post-exposure). In the current study, an in-depth analysis of the effects of JP-8 exposure on cellular immunity was performed. Short-term (7 days, 1 h/day), low-concentration (1000 mg/m3) exposures were conducted in mice, and T cell and natural killer (NK) cell functions were analyzed 24 h after the last exposure. The exposure regimen was found to almost completely ablate NK cell function, as well as significantly suppress the generation of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell activity. Furthermore, JP-8 exposure suppressed the generation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) cells from precursor T cells, and inhibited helper T cell activity. These findings demonstrate that JP-8 jet fuel exposure has significant detrimental effects on immune functions of exposed individuals. JP-8 jet fuel should be considered a potential and significant immunotoxicant. Chronic exposure to JP-8 may have serious implications to the long-term health of exposed individuals.

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“…Animals were then observed for signs of morbidity and mortality, and 2 weeks postinfection the surviving animals were killed for immunological assessment. It should be noted that JP-8 exposure at the levels used in these studies has been shown repeatedly by this laboratory and others to be non-lethal (Harris, et al, 1997a;Hays, et al, 1995;Witten, et al, 1992;Wong, et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Furthermore, major alterations in immune function that are long lasting may result in an increased likelihood of development and/or progression of cancer and infectious disease. Kerosene-based petroleum distillates such as jet fuel have been associated with hepatic, renal, neurological, and pulmonary toxicity in both animal models and human occupational exposures (Struwe, et al, 1983;Gaworski, et al, 1984;Dossing, et al, 1985;Witten, et al, 1990;Mattie, et al, 1991;Witten, et al, 1992;Chen, et al, 1992;Pfaff, et al, 1993Pfaff, et al, , 1995. Both military and commercial aircraft workers are at risk of inhalation toxicity from jet fuels, as aircraft refueling results in the production of significant amounts of aerosolized jet fuel, despite vapor ventilation (Hays, et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

JP-8 jet fuel exposure suppresses the immune response to viral infections

Sakiestewa

Titone

et al. 2008

Toxicol Ind Health

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The US Air Force has implemented the widespread use of JP-8 jet fuel in its operations, although a thorough understanding of its potential effects upon exposed personnel is unclear. Previous work has reported that JP-8 exposure is immunosuppressive. Exposure of mice to JP-8 for 1 h/day resulted in immediate secretion of two immunosuppressive agents, namely, interleukin-10 and prostaglandin E2. Thus, it was of interest to determine if jet fuel exposure might alter the immune response to infectious agents. The Hong Kong influenza model was used for these studies. Mice were exposed to 1000 mg/m 3 JP-8 (1 h/day) for 7 days before influenza viral infection. Animals were infected intranasally with virus and followed in terms of overall survival as well as immune responses. All surviving animals were killed 14 days after viral infection. In the present study, JP-8 exposure increased the severity of the viral infection by suppressing the anti-viral immune responses. That is, exposure of mice to JP-8 for 1 h/day for 7 days before infection resulted in decreased immune cell viability after exposure and infection, a greater than fourfold decrease in immune proliferative responses to mitogens, as well as an overall loss of CD3 + , CD4 + , and CD8 + T cells from the lymph nodes, but not the spleens, of infected animals. These changes resulted in decreased survival of the exposed and infected mice, with only 33% of animals surviving as compared with 50% of mice infected but not jet fuel-exposed (and 100% of mice exposed only to JP-8). Thus, short-term, low-concentration JP-8 jet fuel exposures have significant suppressive effects on the immune system which can result in increased severity of viral infections. Toxicology and Industrial Health 2008; 24: 209-216.

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Capsaicin pretreatment before JP-8 jet fuel exposure causes a large increase in airway sensitivity to histamine in rats

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

The influence of hydrocarbon composition and exposure conditions on jet fuel-induced immunotoxicity

The influence of hydrocarbon composition and exposure conditions on jet fuel-induced immunotoxicity

Effects of short-term JP-8 jet fuel exposure on cell-mediated immunity

JP-8 jet fuel exposure suppresses the immune response to viral infections

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