Capsular Contracture Following Augmentation Mammaplasty: Etiology and Pathogenesis

Effect of propranolol on capsular reaction around silicone implants in guinea pigs

“…In patient populations, this condition is accompanied by overt symptoms and loss of esthetic results of breast augmentation 13 Since the first reports on capsular contracture in the literature, a number of preclinical studies have been conducted in an attempt to prevent its development, using different drugs (such as leukotriene receptor antagonists, antibiotics, anti-neoplastic and antifibroticagents, steroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) administered locally or systemically, but with disappointing results [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][13][14][15][16] . Thus, there is currently no proven pharmacological therapy for ACC 13 .…”

“…Both the wound healing and immune system have very complex interconnections and implanting biomaterials are likely to affect many of these pathways [3][4][5] . Despite silicone has being considered relatively inert, as any biomaterial implanted in the human body, its elicits this protective immune-inflammatory reaction from the organism, starting a rejection process that interferes with wound healing process and finish by encapsulating this foreign body too large to be eliminated by phagocytosis [6][7][8][9][10][11] . Ordinarily beneficial, in some cases such capsules become pathologically active, and undergo an adverse capsular contracture (ACC), leading to swelling, spherical constrictive fibrosis, distortion, hardness and pain in the breast, with physical and psychological distress [10][11][12][13][14] .…”

“…The management of ACC is a wellknown problem for plastic surgeons. ACC occurs in 0-74% of breast implant operations depending on the series, follow-up, implant shell and content, surface texture, presence of subclinical infection or accumulation of tissue fluids in the implant pocket, patient age, surgical technique and anatomical location of implants and others [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] .…”

The Effects of Colchicine-Impregnated Oxidized Regenerated Cellulose on Capsular Contracture

“…The incidence of capsular contracture has been reported to be between 0.5% and 74% in different studies. [1][2][3][4][5] Encapsulation of a large foreign material is a normal biological process. 6 The reason why some of these capsules contract while others remain stable is still undetermined and continues to be the issue of extensive research.…”

“…6 The reason why some of these capsules contract while others remain stable is still undetermined and continues to be the issue of extensive research. 5 Local factors are thought to play a more important role in capsular contracture etiology. [5][6][7] There are several reported biological products and drugs applied locally around silicone implants to prevent capsular contracture formation.…”