Captive breeding of squirrel monkeys,Saimiri sciureus andSaimiri boliviensis: The problem of hybrid groups

Schreiber, Arnd; Wang, Magnus; Kaumanns, Werner

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2361(1998)17:2<95::aid-zoo5>3.0.co;2-4

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…; Bayley, 1993;Bayley, 1969;Brazelton, 1973), investigate crossspecies comparisons (e.g., comparing chimpanzee and human behavior; Bard, Platzman, Lester, & Suomi, 1992;Hallock, Worobey, & Self, 1989), determine normal developmental trajectories, and examine the effects of various stressors on development (King & King, 1970;Schusterman & Sjoberg, 1969;Williams & Glasgow, 2000). The primate neonatal neurobehavioral assessment (PNNA; Schneider, 1987;Schneider & Suomi, 1992;Schneider et al, 2006), modified from the human assessments, measures responses that are not easily observed and are often missed in focal observations or during assessments that occur later in development, and may provide insight into the development of the central nervous system (e.g., reflexes, responses to visual stimuli, motor development ;Schneider et al, 2006).…”

Section: Neurobehavioral Assessments Have Been Used With Both Humanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PNNA has been used extensively in research on rhesus macaque development, including the effects of prenatal stressors and adverse rearing environments on behavioral and health outcomes (e.g., Coe, Lubach, Crispen, Shirtcliff, & Schneider, 2010;Dettmer, Ruggiero, Novak, Meyer, & Suomi, 2008;Schneider & Suomi, 1992;Schneider et al, 2006;Schneider, 1987;Schneider, 1992;Schneider, Coe, & Luback, 1992;Schneider, Roughton, & Lubach, 1997;Schneider, Roughton, Koehler, & Lubach, 1999). Nursery-reared macaque infants had a stronger aversion to auditory and tactile stimuli, greater dependence on the visual system, decreased motor activity and increased passivity compared to their dam-reared counterparts at 2 weeks of age (Schneider, 1987;Schneider & Suomi, 1992). Pregnant rhesus macaques were exposed to recurrent daily episodic stress including removal from the home cage, relocation to a dark room, and administration of sudden noise (Schneider, 1992).…”

Section: Neurobehavioral Assessments Have Been Used With Both Humanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PNNA (Schneider, 1987;Schneider & Suomi, 1992;Schneider et al, 2006) was administered to each infant at 2-week old. The infants were hand caught, separated from their dams, and put on a cloth surrogate for testing.…”

Section: Primate Neonatal Neurobehavioral Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Composite scores (activity, orientation, state control, and motor maturity) were created from individual items on the PNNA (based on a previous factor analysis during development of the PNNA; Schneider, 1987;Schneider & Suomi, 1992;Schneider et al, 2006;Schneider, Moore, Suomi, & Champoux, 1991) (e.g., Dettmer, Houser, Ruppenthal, Capuano, & Hewitson, 2007;Glasgow, 2000), birthweights were compared using factorial analysis of variance (ANOVAs) with species and sex as independent variables, followed-up by pairwise comparisons (using a Bonferroni correction) when significant. The composite scores and select individual items (startle response, resistance to restraint, tactile stimulation, coordination, attention span, and total number of vocalizations; chosen based on previous research with both rhesus macaques and squirrel monkeys; e.g., Glasgow, 2000;Schneider & Coe, 1993;Schneider et al, 2006) were compared using factorial analysis of covariance (ANCOVAs) with species and sex as independent variables and birthweight as a covariate (with adjusted means reported throughout).…”

Section: Data Coding and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Originally, all squirrel monkeys were considered a single species (Saimiri sciureus) separated into several subspecies geographically. Researchers have illuminated problems caused by failure to differentiate among squirrel monkey species or include hybrids when conducting research (Boinski, 1999;Boinski & Cropp, 1999;Schreiber, Wang, & Kaumanns, 1998). When searching the squirrel monkey literature, the species involved is not always clear or accurate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Neonatal activity and state control differences among three squirrel monkey subspecies (Saimiri sciureus sciureus, S. boliviensis boliviensis, and S. boliviensis peruviensis)

Mulholland

Williams

Abee

2019

American J Primatol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Squirrel monkeys are a long-standing biomedical model, with multiple species and subspecies housed in research facilities. Few studies have examined the developmental differences between these subspecies, which may affect research outcomes. The primate neonatal neurobehavioral assessment was completed at 2 weeks of age with 279 dam-reared squirrel monkeys (188 Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis, 45 S. b. peruviensis, and 46 Saimiri. sciureus sciureus). Activity, orientation to stimuli, state control, and motor maturity scores, as well as startle responses and number of vocalizations were compared across subspecies and sex using factorial analysis of covariance (ANCOVAs) controlling for birthweight. There were no differences in orientation or motor maturity scores (p > .05) among the three subspecies or between sexes; however, there were significant subspecies differences in motor activity and state control scores. Of the three subspecies, S. s. sciureus has the lowest state control and activity scores (p < .05). They also had the most exaggerated startle response/ aversion to a sudden loud noise, vocalized significantly less, and were less likely to resist restraint during the assessment (p < .05). The three subspecies of squirrel monkeys did not differ in motor development and attention to external stimuli but were significantly different in state control and activity levels. Overall S. s. sciureus were less active, agitated, irritable, and easier to console compared to S. b. boliviensis and S. b. peruviensis. This supports field research on socioecology which documented different social structure and behavior in wild populations of S. s. sciureus compared to S. b. boliviensis and S. b. peruviensis.

show abstract

Section: Neurobehavioral Assessments Have Been Used With Both Humanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Neurobehavioral Assessments Have Been Used With Both Humanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Primate Neonatal Neurobehavioral Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Coding and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Neonatal activity and state control differences among three squirrel monkey subspecies (Saimiri sciureus sciureus, S. boliviensis boliviensis, and S. boliviensis peruviensis)

Mulholland

Williams

Abee

2019

American J Primatol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

The social organizations of squirrel monkeys: Implications for ecological models of social evolution

Boinski¹

1999

Evol. Anthropol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“Squirrel‐monkeys occur in a considerable number of slightly different forms, but all are built upon a similar body plan and have a basic color scheme. One of the larger races—from inner Perú—is also the most colorful and one of the brightest colored of all mammals. It may be taken as a point of departure. The top of the head and the upper and outer parts of the body and the upper side of the basal half of the tail are a vivid green, with a pepper and salt effect of yellow and gray. The face is pure white except for black spectacles, muzzle and chin; the throat, chest, underside, insides of limbs, and the underside of the basal half of the tail are brilliant daffodil yellow. The terminal half of the tail is jet black and rather bushy. The flesh of the hands is pale pink. Other races vary in the intensity of the green and yellow, so that some may be olive brown above and white below, and in the amount and arrangement of the black areas on the face and the tip of the tail. Some have almost naked ears, others have these organs clothed in short fur, and still others bear thereupon long tufts or fringes. All these variations seem to blend into the other geographically . . . some of these pure color variations may constitute valid regional subspecies or even species. . . .” I. T. Sanderson1 (p. 77).

show abstract

A PCR‐based marker to simply identify Saimiri sciureus and S. boliviensis boliviensis

Osterholz

Vermeer

Walter

et al. 2008

American J Primatol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Squirrel monkeys, mainly Saimiri sciureus and S. boliviensis, are common in zoos and widely used in biomedical research. However, an exact species identification based on morphological characteristics is difficult. Hence, several molecular methods were proposed, but all of them are expensive and require extensive laboratory work. In contrast, we describe an Alu integration, which is present in S. boliviensis boliviensis and absent in S. sciureus. Among analyzed S. b. peruviensis specimens various presence/absence patterns of the integration were detected indicating that this study population might have originated from a natural hybrid zone. Based on the size of the Alu element ( approximately 300 bp), the presence/absence pattern of the integration can easily be traced by PCR and followed by agarose gel electrophoresis.

show abstract

Captive breeding of squirrel monkeys,Saimiri sciureus andSaimiri boliviensis: The problem of hybrid groups

Cited by 16 publications

References 25 publications

Neonatal activity and state control differences among three squirrel monkey subspecies (Saimiri sciureus sciureus, S. boliviensis boliviensis, and S. boliviensis peruviensis)

Neonatal activity and state control differences among three squirrel monkey subspecies (Saimiri sciureus sciureus, S. boliviensis boliviensis, and S. boliviensis peruviensis)

The social organizations of squirrel monkeys: Implications for ecological models of social evolution

A PCR‐based marker to simply identify Saimiri sciureus and S. boliviensis boliviensis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About