Captive Red Panda Medicine

Philippa, Joost; Ramsay, Ed

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4377-7813-7.00015-x

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The anesthetic doses used in our study fall within the range recommended by Philippa and Ramsay [36]. We found new standard doses of ketamine (5.8 mg/kg) and medetomidine (0.07 mg/kg) as anesthetic agents and atipamezole (0.31 mg/kg) as an antidote for reversing the effect of medetomidine that were effectively used with red pandas.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…One person caught the red panda by the fur behind its neck and with the other hand held its rump, and then, it was placed on an insulated mattress. We planned to inject ketamine (6.6 mg/kg) and medetomidine (0.08 mg/kg) through intramuscular injection into a hind leg using a 20–22 G syringe [ 36 ]. We applied eye gel and closed the eyes of the red panda to protect them from dust, light, and other physical injuries [ 37 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved Trapping and Handling of an Arboreal, Montane Mammal: Red Panda Ailurus fulgens

Bista

Lama²,

Weerman

et al. 2021

Animals

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It is sometimes essential to have an animal in the hand to study some of their ecological and biological characteristics. However, capturing a solitary, cryptic, elusive arboreal species such as the red panda in the wild is challenging. We developed and successfully tested a protocol for tracking, trapping, immobilization, and handling of red pandas in the wild in eastern Nepal. We established a red panda sighting rate of 0.89 panda/day with a capture success rate of 0.6. We trapped and collared one animal in 3.7 days. On average, we took nearly 136 (range 50–317) min to capture an animal after spotting it. Further processing was completed in 38.5 (21–70) min. Before capture, we found it difficult to recognize the sex of the red panda and to differentiate sub-adults above six months from adults. However, body weight, body length, tail length, shoulder height, and chest girth can be used for diagnosis, as these attributes are smaller in sub-adults. Our method is a welfare-friendly way of trapping and handling wild red pandas. We report new morphometric data that could serve as a guide for field identification.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Trapping and Handling of an Arboreal, Montane Mammal: Red Panda Ailurus fulgens

Bista

Lama²,

Weerman

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…As for adult and old red pandas, gastrointestinal (e.g., ulceration, esophagitis, gastritis, diaphragmatic hernia, intussusception, and gastric torsion) and renal diseases (e.g., chronic interstitial nephritis and renal cysts) are mainly responsible for animal deaths ( Delaski et al, 2015 ). Moreover, captive red pandas suffer from clinical illnesses, such as infectious diseases and parasites ( Philippa and Ramsay, 2011 ). Gut microbes, such as Clostridium , Lactobacillus , Eggerthella , and Bacteroides , are usually active during the decomposing corpses (6–9 days) of dead bodies under natural conditions ( Hyde et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Biogeography Along the Gastrointestinal Tract of a Red Panda

Zeng

Zhou

et al. 2018

Front. Microbiol.

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The red panda (Ailurus fulgens) is a herbivorous carnivore that is protected worldwide. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbial community has widely acknowledged its vital role in host health, especially in diet digestion; However, no study to date has revealed the GIT microbiota in the red panda. Here, we characterized the microbial biogeographical characteristics in the GIT of a red panda using high-throughput sequencing technology. Significant differences were observed among GIT segments by beta diversity of microbiota, which were divided into four distinct groups: the stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and feces. The stomach and duodenum showed less bacterial diversity, but contained higher bacterial abundance and the most unclassified tags. The number of species in the stomach and small intestine samples was higher than that of the large intestine and fecal samples. A total of 133 core operational taxonomic units were obtained from the GIT samples with 97% sequence identity. Proteobacteria (52.16%), Firmicutes (10.09%), and Bacteroidetes (7.90%) were the predominant phyla in the GIT of the red panda. Interestingly, Escherichia–Shigella were largely abundant in the stomach, small intestine, and feces whereas the abundance of Bacteroides in the large intestine was high. Overall, our study provides a deeper understanding of the gut biogeography of the red panda microbial population. Future research will be important to investigate the microbial culture, metagenomics and metabolism of red panda GIT, especially in Escherichia–Shigella.

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“…The red panda is affected by musculoskeletal diseases and injuries similar to those reported in domestic cats and dogs and radiography is commonly used as the first diagnostic imaging modality. Diseases and injuries involving the musculoskeletal system of the thoracic limb, such as osteoarthritis, hyperostotic bone disease and fractures, have been reported in the red panda (Lynch, McCracken & Slocombe 2002 ; Philippa & Ramsay 2011 ; Preece 2011 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thoracic limb morphology of the red panda (<i>Ailurus fulgens</i>) evidenced by osteology and radiography

Makungu

Groenewald

Plessis

et al. 2015

Onderstepoort J Vet Res

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The red panda (Ailurus fulgens) is distributed primarily in the Himalayas and southern China. It is classified as a vulnerable species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. The aim of this study was to describe the normal osteology and radiographic anatomy of the thoracic limb of the red panda. Radiography of the right thoracic limb was performed in seven captive adult red pandas. Radiographic findings were correlated with bone specimens from three adult animals. The scapula was wide craniocaudally and presented with a large area for the origin of the teres major muscle. The square-shaped major tubercle did not extend proximal to the head of the humerus. The medial epicondyle was prominent. A supracondylar foramen was present. The radial tuberosity and sesamoid bone for the abductor digiti I longus were prominent. The accessory carpal bone was directed palmarolaterally. Metacarpal bones were widely spread. The thoracic limb morphology of the red panda evidenced by osteology and radiography indicated flexibility of the thoracic limb joints and well-developed flexor and supinator muscles, which are important in arboreal quadrupedal locomotion. Knowledge gained during this study may prove useful in identifying skeletal material or remains and diagnosing musculoskeletal diseases and injuries of the thoracic limb.

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Captive Red Panda Medicine

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Improved Trapping and Handling of an Arboreal, Montane Mammal: Red Panda Ailurus fulgens

Improved Trapping and Handling of an Arboreal, Montane Mammal: Red Panda Ailurus fulgens

Microbial Biogeography Along the Gastrointestinal Tract of a Red Panda

Thoracic limb morphology of the red panda (<i>Ailurus fulgens</i>) evidenced by osteology and radiography

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