Capture of released alkali metals and its simultaneously catalytic performance on secondary reactions of volatiles during biomass pyrolysis

Upgrading of Tall Fescue Grass Pyrolytic Bioliquid and Catalytic Valorization of The Biofurfural Obtained

“…The results obtained are important since it is known that the presence of alkaline and alkaline-earth metals in the substrates condition the quality of the bioliquids. [28,42,43] The removal of crystalline inorganic components was also observed by XRD (see Supplementary Material). The diffractogram of the RF sample shows diffraction lines associated with the presence of inorganic salts, which are not present in the diffractogram of the APF sample.…”

“…[44] iii) Content of alkali and alkaline earth metals: As already mentioned in the Introduction section, the presence of these species generates a rupture of the rings and an increase in low molecular weight products. [28,42,43] In a recent work, Zhou et al [66] showed how the variation in the concentration of sulfuric acid in the biomass pretreatment modified the product distribution in bioliquids from pyrolysis of the raw biomass. These authors reported that with intermediate and strong acid treatments, the openingbreaking of rings is avoided.…”

“…Then, levoglucosan can be transformed into levoglucosenone and glucopyranose, and from these molecules, furans, hydroxyacetone, glycolaldehyde, and glyceraldehydes can be obtained. [24,[28][29][30] In this sense, Sarotti et al have shown that it is possible to obtain levoglucosenone from crystalline cellulose pre-treated with dilute phosphoric acid by microwave-assisted pyrolysis. [31] In this same sense, M. Shibagaki et al obtained a levoglucosenone-rich bio oil from the pyrolysis of cellulose pre-treated with phosphoric acid, furfural was found as the major impurity, at levels between 5-10 %.…”

“…In addition, competitive reactions generally occur that can generate unwanted by-products in the form of low molecular weight molecules. [28,[34][35][36][37] An effective way to promote selectivity towards a certain family of products is by choosing the pretreatments to which the biomass is subjected, prior to the pyrolysis process. [17,20,21,25,[38][39][40] In several bibliographic studies it has been proposed that an acidic pretreatment makes the biomass polymers more accessible by opening up the polymer fibers to enhance the conversion of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.…”

Hydrogen-Rich and Clean Fuel Gas Production from Co-pyrolysis of Biomass and Plastic Blends with CaO Additive

“…On the one hand, CaO can be regarded as efficient CO 2 absorbents and H 2 production adjusters to enhance the quality of produced fuel gas by accelerating water–gas shift reactions . On the other, it can inhibit the formation of tar compounds in the produced fuel gas through tar catalytic thermal cracking. ,, Furthermore, Ca-based additives are also used either directly in the furnace or in air pollution control systems for acid gas removal, such as the desulfurization process, which is employed in most of the coal-fired power plants. For the same reason, CaO can also serve as potential in situ reactants to mitigate HCl.…”