Capturing Arabidopsis Root Architecture Dynamics with<scp>root-fit</scp>Reveals Diversity in Responses to Salinity

Julkowska, Magdalena; Hoefsloot, Huub C. J.; Mol, Selena; Feron, Richard; Boer, Gert Jan De; Haring, Michel A.; Testerink, Christa

doi:10.1104/pp.114.248963

Cited by 174 publications

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“…Natural variation in root morphology adjustments was reported recently for salt (Julkowska et al, 2014) as well as for Pi starvation (Chevalier et al, 2003;Reymond et al, 2006), yet never for their combination. To describe natural variation in responses to the joint effect of salt stress and Pi starvation, changes in RSA of 330 Arabidopsis accessions from the HapMap population (Atwell et al, 2010) were followed.…”

Section: Natural Variation In Rsa Integration Of Salt and Phosphate Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S1), and 1 mM KH 2 PO 4 was selected as a representative concentration for further experiments. To compare the impact of Pi levels on the salt sensitivity of MR growth and LR emergence and elongation, we applied the ROOT-FIT model (Julkowska et al, 2014). This model uses a set of quadratic functions to compare salt sensitivity between MRL, #LR, and aLRL.…”

Section: The Availability Of Phosphate Modulates Rsa Responses To Saltmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nutrient levels have been proposed to influence salt-induced changes in RSA Pierik and Testerink, 2014). Contradicting reports on the effect of salinity on lateral root density (LRD) might be explained by the different nutrient concentrations used in basal media Julkowska et al, 2014). However, these modulations have not been narrowed down to the level of a particular nutrient, and there is no consensus on the direction of this interaction.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Exploring natural variation has contributed to the identification of quantitative trait loci controlling RSA development under control and abiotic stress conditions (Mouchel et al, 2004;Rosas et al, 2013;Meijón et al, 2014;Slovak et al, 2014). Root growth under potassium, iron, or phosphate starvation has been linked to allelic polymorphisms (Reymond et al, 2006;Pineau et al, 2012;Kellermeier et al, 2013), whereas salt-induced changes in RSA have partially been explained by differences in the sensitivity to ABA within Arabidopsis accessions (Julkowska et al, 2014). However, natural variation in root responses to combinations of stresses has not been studied before.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Modulation of root system architecture (RSA) by environmental cues is a result of independent changes of individual RSA traits that may exhibit different sensitivities to the same factor (Gruber et al, 2013;Julkowska and Testerink, 2015). For example, under salt stress, the growth of the main root (MR) of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Columbia-0 (Col-0) is affected more severely than lateral root (LR) formation and elongation (Julkowska et al, 2014). The responses of both MR and LRs are guided by abscisic acid (ABA) but through different mechanisms .…”

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Phosphate-dependent root system architecture responses to salt stress

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Nutrient availability and salinity of the soil affect the growth and development of plant roots. Here, we describe how inorganic phosphate (Pi) availability affects the root system architecture (RSA) of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and how Pi levels modulate responses of the root to salt stress. Pi starvation reduced main root length and increased the number of lateral roots of Arabidopsis Columbia-0 seedlings. In combination with salt, low Pi dampened the inhibiting effect of mild salt stress (75 mM) on all measured RSA components. At higher salt concentrations, the Pi deprivation response prevailed over the salt stress only for lateral root elongation. The Pi deprivation response of lateral roots appeared to be oppositely affected by abscisic acid signaling compared with the salt stress response. Natural variation in the response to the combination treatment of salt and Pi starvation within 330 Arabidopsis accessions could be grouped into four response patterns. When exposed to double stress, in general, lateral roots prioritized responses to salt, while the effect on main root traits was additive. Interestingly, these patterns were not identical for all accessions studied, and multiple strategies to integrate the signals from Pi deprivation and salinity were identified. By genome-wide association mapping, 12 genomic loci were identified as putative factors integrating responses to salt stress and Pi starvation. From our experiments, we conclude that Pi starvation interferes with salt responses mainly at the level of lateral roots and that large natural variation exists in the available genetic repertoire of accessions to handle the combination of stresses.

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Section: Natural Variation In Rsa Integration Of Salt and Phosphate Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Availability Of Phosphate Modulates Rsa Responses To Saltmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant Phenotyping

Negrão¹,

Julkowska²

2020

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Every plant science experiment starts with a design that will be adapted to answer a specific biological question and involves evaluation of phenotypic traits. Plant phenotyping has advanced from manual measurements of physiologically relevant parameters to high‐throughput phenotyping platforms that use robotics and imaging sensors. Yet, this game‐changing technology has its own challenges, namely data analysis and interpretation. The improved quality of the sensors used in the phenotying experiment provides increased understanding, however the insight provided on the research question is limited by the experimental design. Aspects such as replication or spatial variability are important to consider when designing the experiment conducted in highly controlled environment as well as under field conditions. With wider availability of cameras and other sensors, we are able to record increasing number of plant traits. This results in the phenotypic bottleneck moving from data acquisition to data analysis. Throughout this article, we present practical considerations and potential shortcomings of phenotyping systems and suggest some solutions to the challenges of plant phenotyping through streamlined and reproducible data analysis pipelines. Key Concepts Plant phenotypes are complex, resulting from the interaction between genotype and environment. The phenotype can be divided into traits, for example, biomass can be dissected into leaf area, branches/tillers, fruits. The relationship between traits depends on the environment, genotype and treatment. Each phenotyping method is optimised to answer a specific research question. Exploring the relationships between phenotypes and their changes across genotypes/treatments increases our understanding of the underlying physiological processes. Experimental design should include an optimal number of replicates and sample randomisation to ensure a successful interpretation of phenotypic results. Phenotyping results require detailed statistical analysis to be adequately interpreted.

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Root growth, architecture, and ion uptake of alfalfa and triticale irrigated with brackish groundwater and reverse osmosis concentrate

Kankarla

Shukla

Picchioni

2021

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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Soil salinity is a major environmental constraint for agricultural production, especially in arid and semiarid regions of the world. Salts in irrigation water and soil can potentially harm plant root growth. To date, more research has been devoted to aboveground biomass production. This study is aimed at determining the impacts of irrigating with brackish groundwater (BGW) and reverse osmosis (RO) concentrate on the root and shoot biomass, root/shoot ratio (R:S), and root system architecture (RSA) of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and triticale (× Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus). Two replicated experiments were conducted in the Fabian Garcia Science Center (FGSC) greenhouse from 7 Oct. 2017 to 7 Jan. 2018 in Las Cruces, NM, USA. After 90 d, roots were scanned using a WinRHIZO image analysis system and the data were analyzed. In both the species, RO and BGW + NaCl increased root Na + and Clconcentrations. Triticale behaved more like a root Na-retaining species than alfalfa but with an associated decrease in total root biomass. Irrigation with BGW in alfalfa increased root length and the number of forks and crossings, whereas RO irrigation increased root length density (RLD). Unlike alfalfa, triticale root architectural parameters were largely unaffected by salinity. However, RO and BGW + NaCl waters promoted significantly (p ≤ .05) higher shoot biomass in triticale than the control and BGW alone. Our findings recommend BGW for alfalfa irrigation, and triticale as a potential future forage crop for dry and saline conditions. INTRODUCTIONSoil salinity is recognized as a critical problem in arid and semiarid regions of the world (Ladeiro, 2012). Globally, 4 million km 2 of land is affected by natural salinization, and >75 million km 2 is affected by human-induced salinization

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Capturing Arabidopsis Root Architecture Dynamics withroot-fitReveals Diversity in Responses to Salinity

Cited by 174 publications

References 45 publications

Phosphate-dependent root system architecture responses to salt stress

Phosphate-dependent root system architecture responses to salt stress

Plant Phenotyping

Root growth, architecture, and ion uptake of alfalfa and triticale irrigated with brackish groundwater and reverse osmosis concentrate

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