Capturing High-Entropy Alloy Particle Growth by Liquid-Phase Transmission Electron Microscopy

Sun, Jiayue; Leff, Asher C.; Woehl, Taylor J.

doi:10.1017/s1431927622007486

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Liquid phase electron microscopy (LPEM) , has emerged as an important technique to observe chemical processes − at the nano and atomic scale. The high energy electrons used for imaging also interact with both the liquid and nanostructures in the liquid causing chemical changes through radiolysis. − In water, radiolysis leads to the simultaneous formation of highly reducing species under irradiation, such as atomic H and solvated electrons, and highly oxidizing species such as hydroxyl radicals .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Aqueous Radiolytic Products in Liquid Phase Electron Microscopy

et al. 2023

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Liquid phase electron microscopy (LPEM) is rapidly gaining importance for in situ studies of chemical processes. However, radiolysis due to interactions between the liquid medium and the electron beam results in the formation of highly reactive species that influence the studied processes. Our understanding of LPEM radiolysis is currently based on simulations that rely on data collected from measurements at low electron flux intensities, requiring extrapolation by several orders of magnitude to match the intensities utilized in LPEM. We demonstrate direct electrochemical measurements of radiolytic products during in situ LPEM, which allows us to directly assess the high flux accuracy of low-flux radiolysis models. Using a specially designed liquid cell for electrochemical detection, we quantify the primary expected stable radiolysis products H 2 and H 2 O 2 in a scanning electron microscope. We find H 2 production is rapid and in reasonable agreement with predictions, but H 2 O 2 levels are lower than expected from the low-flux extrapolated radiolysis models. This study demonstrates a new approach to experimentally validate simulations and indicates that the chemical environment may be far more reducing than predicted from current models.

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