Capturing Lithium from Wastewater Using a Fixed Bed Packed with 3-D MnO₂ Ion Cages

Abstract

3-D MnO 2 ion cages (CMO) were fabricated and shown to have a high capacity for lithium removal from wastewater. CMO had a maximum Li(I) adsorption capacity of 56.87 mg/g, which is 1.38 times greater than the highest reported value (41.36 mg/g). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that the stability of the −Mn−O−Mn−O− skeleton played an essential role in Li adsorption. The lattice clearance had a high charge density, forming a strong electrostatic field. The DubininAshtakhov (DA) site energy distribution model based on Polanyi theory described the linear increase of Li adsorption capacity (Q 0 ) with increasing temperature (Q 0 = k 3 × E m + d 3 = k 3 × (a × T) + d 3 ). Furthermore, the pore diffusion model (PDM) accurately predicted the lithium breakthrough (R 2 ≈ 0.99). The maximum number of bed volumes (BVs) treated was 1374, 1972, and 2493 for 200 μg/L at 20, 30, and 40°C, respectively. Higher temperatures increased the number of BVs that may be treated, which implies that CMO will be useful in treating industrial Li(I) wastewater in regions with different climates (e.g., Northern or Southern China).

Hydrothermal synthesis and adsorption behavior of H4Ti5O12 nanorods along [100] as lithium ion-sieves

“…Based on the literatures, adsorption mechanism is consisted of redox reactions 43,44 and ion exchange. 45 There is no valence change of Ti aer Li + adsorption (Fig. 13c), indicating that the Li + adsorption on H 4 Ti 5 O 12 is an ion exchange reaction which matches well with the Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm model.…”

Efficient removal of Pb(ii) ions using manganese oxides: the role of crystal structure

“…However, according to some recent studies, the adsorption affinity of MnO 2 towards Pb(II) was highly related to the structures and surface properties of MnO 2 . Luo et al 16 studied adsorptive removal of lithium by 3D-MnO 2 from wastewater and found that 3D-MnO 2 with high degree of porosity and large pores exhibited a higher adsorption capacity than 1D-MnO 2 . Kozlova et al 17 prepared complex manganese oxides with different sizes of structural tunnels, and concluded that the tunnel size was the determining factor for the sorption of heavy metal cations.…”

Simultaneous adsorption of Li(I) and Rb(I) by dual crown ethers modified magnetic ion imprinting polymers

“…The high commercial values of Li as well as Rb result in explosive demand of them . However, the extraction of Li(I) and Rb(I) is faced with so many problems because of their unique physical and chemical properties . Therefore, the efficient extraction of Li(I) and Rb(I) is of urgent task from an environmental perspective and a commercial perspective.…”

“…Therefore, the efficient extraction of Li(I) and Rb(I) is of urgent task from an environmental perspective and a commercial perspective. Luo et al fabricated 3‐D MnO 2 ion cages (CMO), which exhibited a high capacity for lithium removal from wastewater. It is generally known that cyclic ethers can coordinate with metal ions to form more stable complexes compared with corresponding open chain analogues, and this is the so‐called “macrocyclic effect”.…”

“…[25][26][27] However, the extraction of Li(I) and Rb(I) is faced with so many problems because of their unique physical and chemical properties. [28,29] Therefore, the efficient extraction of Li(I) and Rb(I) is of urgent task from an environmental perspective and a commercial perspective. Luo et al [28] fabricated 3-D MnO 2 ion cages (CMO), which exhibited a high capacity for lithium removal from wastewater.…”