Capturing the fingerprint of Etna volcano activity in gravity and satellite radar data

Negro, Ciro Del; Currenti, Gilda; Solaro, Giuseppe; Greco, Filippo; Pepe, Antonio; Napoli, Rosalba; Casu, Francesco; Sansosti, E.

doi:10.1038/srep03089

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(80 reference statements)

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“…This possible control of the faults on the degassing pathway has been also observed in other volcanoes, e.g., at Mt. Etna (Del Negro et al, 2013) and Campi Flegrei (Chiodini & Frondini, 2001), and, at a broader scale, along continental rifts (Lee et al, 2016).…”

Section: Results From the Gas Isotopes Composition Analysissupporting

confidence: 73%

Coeval Uplift and Subsidence Reveal Magma Recharging Near Rome (Italy)

Trasatti

Marra

Polcari

et al. 2018

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Uplift and subsidence alternate throughout the life cycle of a volcano mirroring magma accumulation, migration and/or gas pressurization, and magma cooling or depressurization, respectively. The unusual occurrence of coeval inflation and deflation is difficult to reconcile with the recharging or cooling of a single magma chamber, or hydrological processes. Here we show a persistent flank uplift and central subsidence at Colli Albani volcano near Rome (Italy), by mapping about 20 years of deformation by InSAR data. The magmatic helium signature increases in correspondence with N‐S faults along the western slope of Colli Albani, which are therefore interpreted as deep‐seated structures directly or indirectly connected with an underlying magma reservoir. Deformation modeling shows that these faults are pathways for fresh magma intrusion, whereas a residual magma is cooling below the deflating caldera. Therefore, magma recharge at depth is controlled by major faults along which the vents of the most recent activity (<200 ka ago) concentrate in the western side of the volcano and not by the caldera structures. We demonstrate that the Colli Albani magmatic system is slowly rejuvenating, posing a volcanic threat for Rome.

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Section: Results From the Gas Isotopes Composition Analysissupporting

confidence: 73%

Coeval Uplift and Subsidence Reveal Magma Recharging Near Rome (Italy)

Trasatti

Marra

Polcari

et al. 2018

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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show abstract

“…The applied decomposition method is performed on the LOS time-series [49], and is based on the consideration that over our study area the SAR data were acquired quite regularly from both orbits. Accordingly, the combination has been carried out on ascending and descending data that are temporally as close as possible each other.…”

Section: Sar Data and Dinsar Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

DInSAR-Based Detection of Land Subsidence and Correlation with Groundwater Depletion in Konya Plain, Turkey

et al. 2017

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Abstract:In areas where groundwater overexploitation occurs, land subsidence triggered by aquifer compaction is observed, resulting in high socio-economic impacts for the affected communities. In this paper, we focus on the Konya region, one of the leading economic centers in the agricultural and industrial sectors in Turkey. We present a multi-source data approach aimed at investigating the complex and fragile environment of this area which is heavily affected by groundwater drawdown and ground subsidence. In particular, in order to analyze the spatial and temporal pattern of the subsidence process we use the Small BAseline Subset DInSAR technique to process two datasets of ENVISAT SAR images spanning the 2002-2010 period. The produced ground deformation maps and associated time-series allow us to detect a wide land subsidence extending for about 1200 km 2 and measure vertical displacements reaching up to 10 cm in the observed time interval. DInSAR results, complemented with climatic, stratigraphic and piezometric data as well as with land-cover changes information, allow us to give more insights on the impact of climate changes and human activities on groundwater resources depletion and land subsidence.

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“…The 44 lava fountain (LF) episodes at the NSEC between 2011 and 2013 were preceded by deep magma uprising (Del Negro et al, 2013). We distinguished three main phases, separated by two long eruptive pauses ( Table 1).…”

Section: Lava Fountaining From Nsec 2011-2013mentioning

confidence: 99%

Paroxysmal Explosions, Lava Fountains and Ash Plumes at Etna Volcano: Eruptive Processes and Hazard Implications

et al. 2018

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Lava fountains have a major impact on the local population since they cause ash plumes that spread several kilometers above and hundreds of kilometers away from the crater. Ash fallout is responsible for disrupting airports and traffic on the motorways well beyond the area of the volcano itself, as well as affecting the stability of buildings and causing public health issues. It is thus a primary scientific target to forecast the impact of this activity on local communities on the basis of parameters recorded by the monitoring network. Between 2011 and 2015, 49 paroxysmal explosive episodes occurred at two of Mt Etna's five summit craters: the New South-East Crater (NSEC) and the Voragine (VOR). In this paper, we examine the features of the 40 episodes occurring at the NSEC during 2011-2013, and of the 4 events at VOR in December 2015. We study these paroxysms using geophysical monitoring data, characterize the episodes, and analyse all available data statistically. Our main results are two empirical relationships allowing us to forecast the maximum elevation of the ash plume from the average height of the lava fountain, useful for hazard assessment and risk mitigation. For Etna, and using the examples described in this paper, we can infer that wind speed <10 m s −1 generally results in strong to intermediate plumes rising vertically above the crater, whereas wind speed >10 m s −1 is normally associated with weak plumes, bent-over along the wind direction and reaching lower elevations.

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Capturing the fingerprint of Etna volcano activity in gravity and satellite radar data

Cited by 19 publications

References 50 publications

Coeval Uplift and Subsidence Reveal Magma Recharging Near Rome (Italy)

Coeval Uplift and Subsidence Reveal Magma Recharging Near Rome (Italy)

DInSAR-Based Detection of Land Subsidence and Correlation with Groundwater Depletion in Konya Plain, Turkey

Paroxysmal Explosions, Lava Fountains and Ash Plumes at Etna Volcano: Eruptive Processes and Hazard Implications

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