Caractérisation de la pisciculture dans la région du Poro (Nord de la Côte d’Ivoire)

Abstract

Cette étude a été menée afin de faire un diagnostic de l’activité piscicole dans la région du Poro. Elle émane des résultats obtenus à l’issu de 2 mois d’enquêtes (mars et avril, 2014) auprès des pisciculteurs. Il ressort que la pisciculture est semi-intensive et pratiquée par des nationaux. La population de pisciculteurs est dominée par des acteurs dont l’âge est supérieur à 45 ans (75%). Les étangs utilisés sont en dérivation. Tous les acteurs fabriquent leur aliment poisson et éprouvent des difficultés à nourrir correctement les sujets. Ils ne bénéficient d’aucun encadrement technique de la part des structures en charge des productions halieutiques. Les espèces majoritairement élevées sont Oreochromis niloticus et Heterobranchus longifilis. La production totale annuelle est estimée à 8 600 ± 1697,1 kg avec un chiffre d’affaires par pisciculteur évalué à 2 876 700 FCFA. Cette activité constitue l’un des moyens de subsistance pour une frange de la population. Sa redynamisation est recommandée afin d'améliorer son impact positif.
 
 English title: Characterization of fish farming in the Poro region (North of Côte d'Ivoire)
 This study was carried out in order to make a diagnosis of the fish farming activity in the Poro region. It emanates from the results obtained after 2 months of surveys (March and April, 2014) among fish farmers. It appears that fish farming is semi-intensive and practised by nationals. The fish farming population is dominated by actors over 45 years old (75%). The ponds used are bypass. All the actors make their fish food and find it difficult to feed the subjects correctly. They do not benefit from any technical supervision from the structures in charge of fish production. The predominantly cultivated species are Oreochromis niloticus and Heterobranchus longifilis. The total annual production is estimated at 8,600 ± 1,697.1 kg with a turnover per fish farmer estimated at 2,876,700 FCFA. This activity constitutes one of the means of subsistence for a segment of the population. Its revitalization is recommended in order to improve its positive impact.

Farming Features of African Bonytongue Fish <i>Heterotis niloticus</i> in Cameroon, Central Africa

“…In Cameroon, feeds were necessary for fish farming, more than half of the fish farmers feed African bonytongue. Our result was higher than N'dri et al [13] who found in Congo that only 41.70% of fish farmers feed their fish. Most of the fish farmers used imported feed, this result was lower than the result of Tiogué et al [9] where 15% of fish farmers used imported feed while no fish farmers in Congo used imported feed.…”

“…However, in DRC, 75% to 77.20% of fish farmers were men and the majority of fish farmers are 26 -55 years old [11], Kifufu et al [12]. Our result was not considerable as the results of N'dri et al [13] and Tiogué et al [9] who found respectively that in Congo 88.90% of fish farmers were married as 90% of fish farmers were married in Mbam and Inoubou Division (Centre-Cameroon).…”

“…Moreover, decreasing of physical parameters would influence growth performance of Heterotis niloticus while when those parameters are optimal, African bonytongue could have a weight varies from 3.42 to 4.49 Kg (Djouatsa et al [25]). This result was in contradiction with the result found in Congo where fish farmers didn't have equipment to measure water quality N'dri et al [13]. To have subsidies, fish farmers should be grouped in Associations, Common Initiative Groups (CIG) or…”

“…This result was similar to those of Lazard et al [26], Tiogué et al [9] [13] who had respectively found that in Western-Cameroon 68%, in Mbam and Inoubou 85.00% and in the Adamawa 67.39% of fish farming were individuals. But, N'dri et al [13] and Kenfack et al [6] found respectively that in Congo and in the East of Cameroon fish project was totally individual.…”