Caracterização da empatia em internos de medicina geral e familiar

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess empathy in family medicine trainees and to compare the level of empathy in first and final year trainees. Type of study: Cross-sectional. Location: Healthcare Regional Administrations (HRA) in Portugal. Population: Family medicine trainees in Portuguese HRA. Methods: We gave an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire, including the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE), adapted and validated for Portugal, to a convenience sample of family medicine residents. The surveys were distributed in person or sent by personal e-mail. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (R) 19.0. Results:We collected 304 questionnaires. Of these, 84 were from trainees who began their training in 2012 (response rate (RR)=20.6%). The remaining 220 questionnaires were from trainees who began their training in 2016 (RR=42.3%). Most of the trainees were enrolled in programs in the Lisbon and Tejo Valley regions (52.4% and 61.4% respectively). There were no significant differences in gender between the two groups. There were no significant differences in the median levels (M) of empathy [ME(2012)=119.00; ME(2016)=118.00; p=0.678] between the first and final year trainees. Prior training in communication skills was not associated with a higher empathy score. Female participants had significantly higher empathy scores (p=0.008). Conclusions: Our results were comparable to national and international studies on empathy in medical students and trainees. Empathy does not seem to be associated with residency or undergraduate training. The low response rate obtained limits the representativeness of the sample and the validity of the findings. However this study presents an initial look at the variation in empathy during family medicine residency training in Portugal.

Associação entre inteligência emocional e empatia em estudantes de Medicina: estudo transversal unicêntrico, Brasil, 2019

“…There There was no statistical difference between the total empathy score between men and women. This finding contradicts the results of many international studies on empathy in medical students, which found higher scores in women 6,10,[18][19][20][21][22][23] . one showed a higher empathy score in women 27 and the other observed similar values between women and men 3 .…”

A empatia em estudantes de medicina: uma revisão sistemática

“…Segundo o estudo de Paro (2013), realizado com 1350 alunos, através da Escala Multidimensional de Reatividade Interpessoal de Davis -EMRI, a comparação dos escores de empatia entre homens e mulheres revelou diferenças significativas entre os sexos, sendo maiores entre as mulheres. Resultados semelhantes foram encontrados por Provenzano et al (2014), por Basílio et al (2017), assim como por Nascimento et al (2018), que utilizaram a Escala de Jefferson. Ulloque et al (2019) reafirmou menores níveis empáticos entre estudantes de medicina do sexo masculino, assim como no estudo de Chatterjee et al (2017) e no de Esquerda et al (2016).…”

“…A empatia revela-se importante ferramenta utilizada na construção da relação entre o médico e o doente, interferindo positivamente na qualidade dos cuidados prestados e com melhora na acuidade diagnóstica e adesão terapêutica (Basílio et al, 2017). Nesse sentido, a relevância da boa comunicação na relação médico-paciente tem sido demonstrada de forma recorrente.…”

“…O estabelecimento de empatia tem ganhado crescente peso na formação médica e já existem alguns protocolos de ensino de técnicas relacionais baseadas na neurobiologia das emoções ou através do treino em teatro, que parecem apresentar um impacto positivo na empatia. O objetivo de tais técnicas engloba a capacidade de detecção de emoções, no próprio discente e no doente, através de linguagem verbal e não-verbal; a capacidade de responder de forma empática; a capacitação do médico no autoconhecimento e autocontrole emocional e psicológico; e a capacidade de aplicar este aprendizado na comunicação com o paciente, sendo capaz de fornecer apoio e acompanhamento na resolução de desafios (Basílio et al, 2017).…”

Health Empathy Map: Creation of an Instrument for Empathy Development

“…These components of empathy are dissociable, as they use different neural networks 7 . Empathy is related to the emotional response arising from the apprehension or understanding of the emotional state of the other, being an important factor for establishing interpersonal relationships and, therefore, particularly relevant in the doctor-patient relationship 8,9 . Studies have suggested that medical students' empathy may change throughout the course, ranging from a small increase to a decrease in it 10,11,12 .…”