CARACTERIZACIÓN DEL CULTIVO DE BALSA (Ochroma pyramidale) EN LA PROVINCIA DE LOS RÍOS - ECUADOR

Osorio, Betty González; Molina, Ximena Paola Cervantes; Navarrete, Emma Danielly Torres; Fonseca, Carlos Sánchez; Simba, Luis

doi:10.18779/cyt.v3i2.45

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The effects of site-index on height-diameter relationship were only assessed for the fit data-set; namely, site-index was only used to assess model fit and not validation. precipitation, average annual temperature around 25 • C and average annual air humidity of about 85%, with slightly uneven topography and soils composed mainly of silt and clay and pH around 6.5-7.0 [5,27].…”

Section: Site-indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Modeling of the Height–Diameter Relationship of Tree Species with High Growth Variability: Robust Regression Analysis of Ochroma pyramidale (Balsa-Tree)

Zea-Camaño

Soto

Arce

et al. 2020

Forests

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Ochroma pyramidale (Cav. ex. Lam.) Urb. (balsa-tree) is a commercially important tree species that ranges from Mexico to northern Brazil. Due to its low weight and mechanical endurance, the wood is particularly well-suited for wind turbine blades, sporting equipment, boats and aircrafts; as such, it is in high market demand and plays an important role in many regional economies. This tree species is also well-known to exhibit a high degree of variation in growth. Researchers interested in modeling the height–diameter relationship typically resort to using ordinary least squares (OLS) to fit linear models; however, this method is known to suffer from sensitivity to outliers. Given the latter, the application of these models may yield potentially biased tree height estimates. The use of robust regression with iteratively reweighted least squares (IRLS) has been proposed as an alternative to mitigate the influence of outliers. This study aims to improve the modeling of height–diameter relationships of tree species with high growth variation, by using robust regressions with IRLS for data-sets stratified by site-index and age-classes. We implement a split sample approach to assess the model performance using data from Ecuador’s continuous forest inventory (n = 32,279 trees). A sensitivity analysis of six outlier scenarios is also conducted using a subsample of the former (n = 26). Our results indicate that IRLS regression methods can give unbiased height predictions. At face value, the sensitivity analysis indicates that OLS performs better in terms of standard error of estimate. However, we found that OLS suffers from skewed residual distributions (i.e., unreliable estimations); conversely, IRLS seems to be less affected by this source of bias and the fitted parameters indicate lower standard errors. Overall, we recommend using robust regression methods with IRLS to produce consistent height predictions for O. pyramidale and other tree species showing high growth variation.

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Section: Site-indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Modeling of the Height–Diameter Relationship of Tree Species with High Growth Variability: Robust Regression Analysis of Ochroma pyramidale (Balsa-Tree)

Zea-Camaño

Soto

Arce

et al. 2020

Forests

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“…Webb [70] suggested rotations of between seven to eight years. González-Osorio et al [71] and Midgley et al [4] determined optimal rotation lengths of between four to eight years. All the aforementioned researchers did not describe the method applied to determine the rotation age.…”

Section: Mean Annual Increment In Volumementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is due to the traders' prices for whole trees (10 to 15 US $ per tree). However, industry demands larger DBH (33-40 cm), doubling the tree value [71], and such diameters can be reached in the best SI at three years of age ( Figure 2B).…”

Section: Mean Annual Increment In Volumementioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and Yield Models for Balsa Wood Plantations in the Coastal Lowlands of Ecuador

Cañadas-López

Rade-Loor

Siegmund‐Schultze

et al. 2019

Forests

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Balsa trees are native to neotropical forests and frequently grow on fallow, degraded land. Balsa can be used for economic and ecological rehabilitation of farmland with the aim of restoring native forest ecosystems. Although Ecuador is the world’s largest producer of balsa, there is a lack of knowledge about production indicators for management of balsa stands in the country. The aim of this study was to develop growth and yield models (i.e., site index (SI) curves and stem volume models) for balsa plantations in the coastal lowlands of Ecuador. Balsa trees growing in 2161 plots in seven provinces were sampled. Here we present the first growth and yield models for the native, although underutilized, balsa tree. Three curve models were fitted to determine SI for balsa stands, differentiating five site quality classes. Eight volume models were compared to identify the best fit model for balsa stands. The mean annual increment was used to assess balsa production. The generalized algebraic difference approach (GADA) equation yielded one of the best results for the height–age and diameter–age models. The Newnham model was the best volume model for balsa in this comparative study. The maximum annual increment (i.e., for the best stand index) was reached in the second year of plantation. The fitted models can be used to support management decisions regarding balsa plantations. However, the models are preliminary and must be validated with independent samples. Nevertheless, the very fast development of the native balsa tree is particularly promising and should attract more attention from forest owners and politicians.

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“…En el Ecuador no existen estudios que verifiquen el uso del mucílago extraído de la corteza de balsa y las industrias no lo utilizan para la clarificación de bebidas u otros productos, razón por lo que no se puede establecer la utilidad que tiene el mucílago y por lo tanto los residuos de la madera son desaprovechadas por los agricultores por desconocimiento de la utilidad de estos. González et al (2010), aseguran que las balsas al cumplir los tres años de desarrollo son vendidas en trozos y camionadas para empresas que procesan y posteriormente exportan a otros países.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Evaluación del efecto clarificante del mucílago de la corteza de balsa (ochroma pyramidale cav.) en un jugo de manzana

et al. 2023

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Introducción. Los clarificantes juegan un papel importante dentro de las industrias alimenticias, después de la elaboración de las bebidas liquidas, éstas necesitan clarificarse, cuyo proceso consta de una serie de etapas, para obtener productos que garanticen la calidad, por medio de parámetros fisicoquímicos como: índice de refracción, viscosidad, color, sabor, textura y otras propiedades que brinda la clarificación. Este en jugo de manzana consiste en sedimentar las partículas en suspensión adicionando un agente clarificador. Objetivos. El presente trabajo investigativo se desarrolló para sustituir clarificantes químicos se procedió a caracterizar y utilizar uno natural a base de corteza del árbol de balsa. Metodología. El mucílago se extrae al utilizar en una solución, 20 g de material vegetativo/ml de agua (20g/ml) y 20g/100ml, esta dilución incorporada en 5,10 y 15% a temperatura ambiente por 24, 48 y 72 horas. Resultados. Los resultados del mucílago se evaluaron mediante los análisis fisicoquímicos donde presenta contenidos de minerales como el calcio en un 8,49 mg, hierro 0,17 mg, potasio un 97,75 mg, sodio un 5,8 mg, las proteínas 0,016 g y 0,8 g de grasas. Conclusiones. En el análisis de los tratamientos realizados se constató los valores de índice de refracción y viscosidad bajas, estrechando una relación entre ambas, el color presenta diferencias entre el tiempo de acción del clarificante. Área de estudio general: Ingeniería Agrícola. Área de estudio específica: agroindustrial.

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CARACTERIZACIÓN DEL CULTIVO DE BALSA (Ochroma pyramidale) EN LA PROVINCIA DE LOS RÍOS - ECUADOR

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Improving the Modeling of the Height–Diameter Relationship of Tree Species with High Growth Variability: Robust Regression Analysis of Ochroma pyramidale (Balsa-Tree)

Improving the Modeling of the Height–Diameter Relationship of Tree Species with High Growth Variability: Robust Regression Analysis of Ochroma pyramidale (Balsa-Tree)

Growth and Yield Models for Balsa Wood Plantations in the Coastal Lowlands of Ecuador

Evaluación del efecto clarificante del mucílago de la corteza de balsa (ochroma pyramidale cav.) en un jugo de manzana

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