Caracterización molecular de serovariedades de Leptospira aislados de muestras de animales y agua en Colombia

Romero-Vivas, Claudia M.; Thiry, Dorothy; Rodríguez, Virginia; Calderón, Alfonso; Arrieta, Germán; Máttar, Salim; Cuello, Margarett; Levett, Paul N.; Falconar, Andrew K.

doi:10.7705/biomedica.v33i0.731

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…From a study of paired (S1 and S2) serum samples from patients with either DENV (5,6) or Leptospira spp. (17,18) infections in our study site, 70/200 patients were again confirmed to have on-going primary or secondary DENV infections by obtaining > 4-fold increase in their reciprocal log 10 50% end-point (1/log 10 t 50 ) IgG and/or IgM ELISA titers between their S1 and S2 serum samples (5,6) , while 16 patients from another study were serologically identified as Leptospira spp. seropositive only patients (17) .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

“…We have shown that all four DENV serotypes co-circulate in a major tropical seaport city in the Americas (5,6) in addition to the highly pathogenic Leptospira interrogans Icterohaemorrhagiae/Copenhageni serovar isolated from a rat ( Rattus rattus ), the Leptospira interrogans Pomona serovar isolated from a pig, and the Leptospia noguchii Nicaragua and Orleans-like serovar isolates from a dog and water sample, in addition to others serologically identified in humans, dogs, mice, and rats ( Rattus rattus and Rattus novegicus ) (17,18) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dengue virus infected patients can generate false positives in the ‘gold standard’Leptospiraspp. microscopic agglutination test (MAT), immunofluorescence assays (IFAs), and immunoblot assays due to cross-reactive IgG and/or IgM antibodies against their outer surface membrane proteins

Falconar

Cuello-Pérez

Romero-Vivas

2023

Preprint

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There are overlapping world distributions of the mosquito-borne dengue viruses (DENVs) and the water-borne bacterial disease leptospirosis which cause large numbers of human infections and fatalities. As such, early differential diagnosis is required to then administer appropriate early leptospirosis antibiotic therapy or DENV patient supportive care, but co-infections have also been reported. In this study, using paired (S1: acute and S2: convalescent phase) patients' serum samples, we report that some DENV infected patients' IgG and/or IgM antibodies cross-reacted with 68-72 and 38-42 KDa outer surface membrane antigens of all Leptospira spp. serovars tested in immunoblot (western blot) assays and paraformaldehyde (cell-membrane impermeable fixative) treated Leptospira spp. in immunofluorescent assays (IFAs), as well as displayed a > 4-fold rise between their S1 and S2 serum samples in the 'gold standard' Leptospira spp. microscopic agglutination test (MAT). While DENV-1, -2 or -3 were isolated from their S1 sera, a) Leptospira spp. could not be isolated from them, b) their S1 sera were all PCR-negative using a Leptospira spp. gene target, and c) their S2 sera were all negative in a commercial anti-Leptospira spp. IgM ELISA. As such, we believe this is the first report of DENVs causing false positive reactions in the 'gold standard' Leptospira spp. MAT and with paraformaldehyde fixed Leptospira spp. serovars in IFAs as well as immunoblot (western blot) assays, and which needs further assessments using more DENV infected patients' serum samples and to identify these 68-72 and 38-42 KDa Leptospira spp. outer surface membrane antigens by proteomic analyses.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dengue virus infected patients can generate false positives in the ‘gold standard’Leptospiraspp. microscopic agglutination test (MAT), immunofluorescence assays (IFAs), and immunoblot assays due to cross-reactive IgG and/or IgM antibodies against their outer surface membrane proteins

Falconar

Cuello-Pérez

Romero-Vivas

2023

Preprint

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“…L. noguchii has been isolated from multiple animal species in Argentina, Barbados, and Nicaragua as well as from humans in the United States of America and neighbouring Panama and Peru [29]. Previous study by Silva et al [30] also reported the isolation of three Leptospira noguchii strains from Brazil, of which two humans were infected by leptospirosis after contact with dogs and rats and one fatal leptospirosis case involving a dog.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity ofLeptospiraspp. in Rats and Environment from Urban Areas of Sarawak, Malaysia

Pui

Bilung

Apun

et al. 2017

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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Various prevalence studies on Leptospira in animals and humans, as well as environmental samples, had been conducted worldwide, including Malaysia. However, limited studies have been documented on the presence of pathogenic, intermediate, and saprophytic Leptospira in selected animals and environments. This study was therefore conducted to detect Leptospira spp. in rats, soil, and water from urban areas of Sarawak using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. A total of 107 rats, 292 soil samples, and 324 water samples were collected from April 2014 to February 2015. Pathogenic Leptospira was present in 5.6% (6/107) of rats, 11.6% (34/292) of soil samples, and 1.9% (6/324) of water samples. Intermediate Leptospira was present in 2.7% (8/292) of soil samples and 1.9% (6/324) of water samples. Saprophytic Leptospira was present in 10.3% (11/107) of rats, 1.4% (4/292) of soil samples, and 0.3% (1/324) of water samples. From this study, 76 Leptospira spp. were isolated. Based on DNA sequencing, the dominant Leptospira spp. circulating in urban areas of Sarawak are pathogenic Leptospira noguchii, intermediate Leptospira wolffii serovar Khorat, and saprophytic Leptospira meyeri, respectively. Overall, this study provided important surveillance data on the prevalence of Leptospira spp. from rats and the environment, with dominant local serovars in urban areas of Sarawak.

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“…For this reason, many studies have focused on sources and environmental risk factors to understand its epidemiology ( 22 , 25 ). Leptospira has been found in water and soil environments in rural and urban areas ( 26 , 27 ). Several factors are asociated for perpetuation of the bacteria, such as warm temperature, humid environments, neutral or slightly alkaline pH, and the presence of organic material ( 22 , 28 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…from soil and water bodies ( 30 ). Contaminated water is one of the primary sources of leptospirosis for humans and animals ( 25 , 26 , 31 ). Some reports describe the successful isolation of pathogenic and virulent leptospires from freshwater or soil ( 31 , 32 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Leptospira spp. infection in a beef cattle area of Argentina

et al. 2023

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Leptospirosis is an infectious disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira that affect humans and animals. This disease is complex and non-eradicable in nature. Therefore, the understanding of it is epidemiology in different environments is crucial to implement prevention and control measures. The prevalence of Leptospira infection in beef cattle farms is affected by multiple environmental, management and individual factors. In this study, a cross-sectional serological survey was carried on to estimate the prevalence of Leptospira antibodies in beef cattle in Tandil and Ayacucho Departments (Buenos Aires Province) and to identify risk factors and spatial clusters associated with seropositivity. Using a probabilistic two-stage sampling, 25 farms and 15 animals per farm were selected. The Microagglutination Test was used to analize all serum samples. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Seventy-three out of 375 cows were seropositive, representing a positivity rate of 19.47% (95% CI: 10.51–28.42), with Sejroe and Pomona being the most reactive serogroups: 9.33% (95% CI: 6.26–12.41) and 8.27% (95% CI: 5.35–11.19), respectively. The prevalence in Ayacucho was 23.11% (95% CI: 10.05–36.17), and in Tandil, 14% (95% CI: 3.25–24.75). The animals from Ayacucho presented 2.01 (1.16–3.49) more chances of being positive compared with those from Tandil (p < 0.01). After the Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) with random effect of farm-level risk, the presence of lagoons (OR: 7.32, 95% CI: 1.68–31.8, p < 0.05) and undulating terrain (OR: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.07–0.74, p < 0.05) were associated with bovine leptospirosis. Four spatial clusters with higher rates of seropositivity were detected. A new GLMM was performed with the significant variables detected in the first GLMM and a new variable, “being inside the spatial cluster,” being the only one that remained significant (OR: 9.58, 95% CI: 3.39–27.08, p < 0.0001). The animals inside the clusters belonged to farms with a greater presence of creeks (OR: 9.03, 95% CI: 3.37–24.18, p < 0.0001), higher accumulated rainfall (OR: 1.01, 95% CI: 1–1.01, p < 0.0001) and less undulating terrain (OR: 0.18, 95% CI: 0.10–0.35, p < 0.0001). We conclude that Leptospira is seroprevalent in beef cattle in Tandil and Ayacucho Departments, especially in the latter, where the largest cattle farms are located. Prevalence of seropositivity animals was associated with selected environmental risk factors.

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Caracterización molecular de serovariedades de Leptospira aislados de muestras de animales y agua en Colombia

Cited by 21 publications

References 18 publications

Dengue virus infected patients can generate false positives in the ‘gold standard’Leptospiraspp. microscopic agglutination test (MAT), immunofluorescence assays (IFAs), and immunoblot assays due to cross-reactive IgG and/or IgM antibodies against their outer surface membrane proteins

Dengue virus infected patients can generate false positives in the ‘gold standard’Leptospiraspp. microscopic agglutination test (MAT), immunofluorescence assays (IFAs), and immunoblot assays due to cross-reactive IgG and/or IgM antibodies against their outer surface membrane proteins

Diversity ofLeptospiraspp. in Rats and Environment from Urban Areas of Sarawak, Malaysia

Epidemiology of Leptospira spp. infection in a beef cattle area of Argentina

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