Carapace Colour, Inter-moult Duration and the Behavioural and Physiological Ecology of the Shore CrabCarcinus maenas

Reid, David G.; Abelló, Pere; Kaiser, Michel J.; Warman, C. G.

doi:10.1006/ecss.1996.0212

Cited by 106 publications

(128 citation statements)

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“…Green-phase animals tend to be smaller than red-phase animals and molt more frequently. However, after they become redphase animals, they molt infrequently (Kaiser et al, 1990;McGaw et al, 1992;Reid et al, 1997;Wolf, 1998). Red-phase crabs are generally more sensitive to environmental stress than green-phase crabs; they extract oxygen from seawater less effectively and are less tolerant of hypoxia (Reid and Aldrich, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These, and other observations, have led to suggestions that the two color phases represent a trade-off between molting and mating. Green-phase crabs put most of their resources into rapid growth but when they become red-phase crabs they put most of their resources into reproduction (Reid et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the males used in this study were 50±5 g (carapace width, CW 5.2±0.6 cm) and were collected during the spring and early summer. Green-phase and red-phase animals were identified by the color of their ventral surface (Reid et al, 1997). None of the experimental animals was missing appendages.…”

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Methyl farnesoate couples environmental changes to testicular development in the crabCarcinus maenas

Nagaraju

Borst

2008

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYCarcinus maenas males have two major color phases. Green-phase males molt frequently and tend to live in brackish estuaries during the summer. After becoming red-phase males, they molt infrequently, have higher mating success, and live in cooler, deeper water. We found profound differences between these two phases in the way salinity and temperature affect hemolymph levels of methyl farnesoate (MF), a hormone that affects crustacean reproduction. Few green-phase males (<10%) had detectable MF in 33 ppt seawater (SW) at 11 or 18°C. By contrast, about 30% of the red-phase males had detectable MF at either temperature. After transfer to 5 ppt SW, none of the green-phase males had detectable MF at 11°C whereas 100% of green-phase males did at 18°C. By contrast, 100% of the red-phase males had detectable MF in 5 ppt SW at either temperature. At 11°C, green-phase males had detectable MF after eyestalk ablation (ESA), showing that they can produce MF. There was no additional increase in MF levels when ESA animals of either color phase were transferred to 5 ppt SW, suggesting that the eyestalk is the primary regulator of the MF response to low salinity. MF levels of green-phase males were increased by injecting MF, by ESA, or by exposure to 5 ppt SW at 18°C. The testicular index of these treated animals nearly doubled after two weeks. Our results strongly suggest that environmental conditions such as temperature and salinity, affect testicular development in this crab by changing its MF levels.Key words: methyl farnesoate, testis, crustacean, salinity, reproduction, temperature. THE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY 2774In the present study, we show that red-phase crabs are more likely to have detectable MF in their hemolymph than green-phase crabs. In addition, the testicular index (TI) of red-phase animals is higher than that in green-phase animals. Furthermore, our results indicate that environmental factors differentially affect MF levels in the two color phases. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that MF stimulates testicular development. To test this hypothesis, we show that environmental factors that increase MF levels also stimulate testicular development. The MF levels in these two color phases appear to be responsible, in part, for the different reproductive activities of these males. MATERIALS AND METHODS AnimalsCrabs [Carcinus maenas (Linnaeus 1758)] were generously provided by Dan Landers (Millstone Environmental Lab; Waterford, CT, USA). Most of the males used in this study were 50±5 g (carapace width, CW 5.2±0.6 cm) and were collected during the spring and early summer. Green-phase and red-phase animals were identified by the color of their ventral surface (Reid et al., 1997). None of the experimental animals was missing appendages. At the end of some experiments, the testes were removed and weighed, and the TI (% total body mass) was calculated. Crabs were kept in large tanks containing artificial SW (Instant Ocean, Spectrum Brands; Atlanta, GA, USA) at normal salinity (33 ppt) at 11 o...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methyl farnesoate couples environmental changes to testicular development in the crabCarcinus maenas

Nagaraju

Borst

2008

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…4% K2P distance) both in mitochondrial (CO1, 16S rDNA; 0-1% mean K2P distance) as well as in nuclear marker (28S rDNA; 0% mean K2P distance) was described for the Antarctic deep-sea lysianassoid Eurythenes andhakarae D´Udekem d´Acoz and Havermans, 2015 (Havermans et al 2013;d´Udekem d´Acoz and Havermans, 2015). D´Udekem d´Acoz and Havermans (2015) explained the differences in colour patterns as a result of the interdependence between pigmentation and moult and intermoult stages -a phenomenon already known from the shore crab Carcinus maenas (Linnaeus, 1758) (Baldwin and Smith 1987;Reid et al 1997;Styrishave et al 2004;Lewis 2011). This is likely also the case for the two detected morphotypes of H.…”

Section: Intra-or Interspecific Morphological Variation?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fishing for scavengers: an integrated study to amphipod (Crustacea: Lysianassoidea) diversity of Potter Cove (South Shetland Islands, Antarctica)

et al. 2017

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Amphipoda from the superfamily Lysianassoidea Dana, 1849 play an important role in Southern Ocean benthic food webs due to their high biomass, abundance and predominantly scavenging mode of feeding. Our knowledge on the lysianassoid fauna, even in well-studied areas of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, is incomplete. Here we report the findings of an integrated study of lysianassoid amphipods of Potter Cove, King George Island/ Isla 25 de Mayo (KGI), combining morphological and molecular species identification (COI barcoding) methods, investigating more than 41,000 specimens from baited traps. For comparison, 2039 specimens from the adjacent Marian Cove were analysed. Ten lysianassoid species were recorded in the deeper outer Potter Cove, whereas the inner cove (<50 m) was dominated by a single species, Cheirimedon femoratus Pfeffer, 1888 (99.44% relative abundance). It is hypothesized that the impoverished lysianassoid fauna inside the meltwater-influenced inner cove represents a 1model for future conditions along the Western Antarctic Peninsula under conditions of increased glacial melting. 2Abyssorchomene charcoti (Chevreux, 1912)

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“…Entre os diferentes crustáceos decápodos de interesse comercial, alguns estudos em relação ao processo de muda já foram realizados, como os experimentos de HARTNOLL (1982,1988) com Carcinus maenas (Linnaeus,1758) e outros braquiúros; TRAVIS (1954), com Panulirus argus (Latreille, 1804); THOMAS (1958), HEPPER (1967) e HEWETT (1974), com Homarus vulgaris H. Milne-Edwards, 1896AIKEN (1973), com Homarus americanus H. Milne-Edwards, 1837SMITH (1990), com Callinectes sapidus, Rathbun, 1896(SARDÁ, 1983(SARDÁ, , 1985(SARDÁ, , 1991, com Nephrops norvegicus (Linnaeus, 1758); REID et al (1997) (MELO, 1996). O caranguejo-uçá representa uma importante fonte de renda para as populações tradicionais caiçaras (NORDI, 1994), sendo o mais importante caranguejo comercial dos manguezais brasileiros (ALCÂNTARA-FILHO, 1978).…”

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Crescimento somático do caranguejo-uçá Ucides cordatus (Crustacea, Brachyura, Ocypodidae) em laboratório

Lima

Oshiro

2006

Iheringia, Sér. Zool.

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ABSTRACT. Somatic growth of the mangrove crab Ucides cordatus (Crustacea, Brachyura, Ocypodidae) in laboratory. In crustaceans, size increase occurs only immediately after molting when the animal is in the soft-shelled condition. The growth of Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) was observed in laboratory, through its occurrence of molt, percentual increment of size and intermolt period. The study was realized from October/2000 to March/2002 and a total of 91 crabs (15 males, 33 females and 43 juveniles) were sampled in Itacuruçá -Coroa Grande mangrove, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The animals were maintained in two types of containers: adult crabs were kept in containers of 1000 l capacity, during eighteen months; while the juveniles were kept in plastic containers of 20 l capacity during eight months. The crabs were maintained in flowing seawater and fed on frozen leaves of Rhizophora mangle (L.) (Rhizophoraceae) and Laguncularia racemosa (Gaertn.) (Combretaceae), twice a week. The carapace width ranged from 50.1 to 70.0 mm in males, 40.2 to 80.0 mm to females and 1.1 to 40.1 mm to juveniles. The survival rate of the specimens studied was of 46.7% for males, 39.4% for females after eighteen months and 67.4% for juveniles after eight months. The males and females molted up to three times during the experiment, while the juveniles molted up twice. Molts occurred between August and April, showing more frequency during spring and summer. The increment of carapace width decreased with size, with mean was 2.21 ± 1.39% for males, 1.28 ± 0.84% for females and 2.89 ± 2.13% for juveniles. The relationship between the percentual increment and the carapace width can be expressed by the equation IM = -0.0707LC + 4.645 (r 2 = 0.40). The intermolt period was 191 ± 140 days for males, 216 ± 76.2 days for females and 54 ± 1.41 days for juveniles. The percentual increment of size was statistically significant (p<0,05) when compared males and females, and adults and juveniles.KEYWORDS. Somatic growth, crab, molting, increment, intermolt period.RESUMO. Em crustáceos, o aumento de tamanho ocorre imediatamente após a muda, quando o animal está com a carapaça mole. O crescimento de Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) foi observado em laboratório, através da ocorrência de muda, incremento de muda e período de intermuda. O estudo foi realizado durante os meses de outubro/2000 a março/2002 e um total de 91 caranguejos (15 machos, 33 fêmeas e 43 juvenis) foi coletado no manguezal de Itacuruçá -Coroa Grande, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Os animais foram mantidos em dois tipos de tanques: os caranguejos adultos foram mantidos em tanques de 1000 l, durante 18 meses, enquanto os juvenis foram mantidos em tanques plásticos de 20 l de capacidade durante oito meses. Os animais foram mantidos em sistema aberto de circulação de água do mar e alimentados duas vezes por semana com folhas de Rhizophora mangle (L.) (Rhizophoraceae) e Laguncularia racemosa (Gaertn.) (Combretaceae). A largura da carapaça variou entre 50,1 a 70,0 mm nos machos, 40,2...

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Carapace Colour, Inter-moult Duration and the Behavioural and Physiological Ecology of the Shore CrabCarcinus maenas

Cited by 106 publications

References 0 publications

Methyl farnesoate couples environmental changes to testicular development in the crabCarcinus maenas

Methyl farnesoate couples environmental changes to testicular development in the crabCarcinus maenas

Fishing for scavengers: an integrated study to amphipod (Crustacea: Lysianassoidea) diversity of Potter Cove (South Shetland Islands, Antarctica)

Crescimento somático do caranguejo-uçá Ucides cordatus (Crustacea, Brachyura, Ocypodidae) em laboratório

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