CARB-9, a Carbenicillinase Encoded in the VCR Region of
            <i>Vibrio cholerae</i>
            Non-O1, Non-O139 Belongs to a Family of Cassette-Encoded β-Lactamases

Petroni, Alejandro; Melano, Roberto G.; Saka, Héctor Alex; Garutti, Alicia; Mange, Laura; Pasterán, Fernando; Rapoport, Melina; Miranda, Mariana R.; Faccone, Diego; Rossi, Alicia; Hoffman, Paul S.; Galas, Marcelo

doi:10.1128/aac.48.10.4042-4046.2004

Cited by 37 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These include an RNA methyltransferase and a phosphotransferase (116). A number of cassettes recovered from chromosomal integrons have significant homology to known antibiotic resistance genes (9), and various gene cassettes from Vibrio can be demonstrated to confer resistance phenotypes (117)(118)(119)(120).…”

Section: Gene Cassette Diversity and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrons: Past, Present, and Future

Gillings

2014

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

572

472

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SUMMARY Integrons are versatile gene acquisition systems commonly found in bacterial genomes. They are ancient elements that are a hot spot for genomic complexity, generating phenotypic diversity and shaping adaptive responses. In recent times, they have had a major role in the acquisition, expression, and dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes. Assessing the ongoing threats posed by integrons requires an understanding of their origins and evolutionary history. This review examines the functions and activities of integrons before the antibiotic era. It shows how antibiotic use selected particular integrons from among the environmental pool of these elements, such that integrons carrying resistance genes are now present in the majority of Gram-negative pathogens. Finally, it examines the potential consequences of widespread pollution with the novel integrons that have been assembled via the agency of human antibiotic use and speculates on the potential uses of integrons as platforms for biotechnology.

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Section: Gene Cassette Diversity and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrons: Past, Present, and Future

Gillings

2014

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

572

472

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“…The CARB-and PSE-type ␤-lactamases represent a distinct functional group (2c) of class A penicillinases that preferentially hydrolyze carbenicillin (the carbenicillinases). These ␤-lactamases are encountered mostly in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6, 18), as well as in other obligate aerobes such as Acinetobacter baumannii (5, 11), Vibrio cholerae (4,15,17), and Alcaligenes xylosoxidans (7). Carbenicillinases also occur in members of the family Enterobacteriaceae at relatively low frequencies (20,24).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

SCO-1, a Novel Plasmid-Mediated Class A β-Lactamase with Carbenicillinase Characteristics from Escherichia coli

Papagiannitsis

Loli

Tzouvelekis

et al. 2007

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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A novel class A ␤-lactamase (SCO-1) encoded by an 80-kb self-transferable plasmid from Escherichia coli is described. The interaction of SCO-1 with ␤-lactams was similar to that of the CARB-type enzymes. Also, SCO-1 exhibited a 51% amino acid sequence identity with the RTG subgroup of chromosomal carbenicillinases (RTG-1, CARB-5, and CARB-8).Production of ␤-lactamases is the main mechanism of resistance to ␤-lactam antibiotics, particularly among gram-negative microorganisms (19). Based on their amino acid sequences, ␤-lactamases have been divided into the molecular classes A, C, and D that include active serine enzymes and the molecular class B enzymes that require zinc ions for activity. Class A comprises numerous clavulanate-inhibited enzymes from a wide range of bacterial species. Despite their structural similarities, class A ␤-lactamases exhibit an ample diversity of substrate spectra and have been classified into various functional groups (3). The CARB-and PSE-type ␤-lactamases represent a distinct functional group (2c) of class A penicillinases that preferentially hydrolyze carbenicillin (the carbenicillinases). These ␤-lactamases are encountered mostly in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6, 18), as well as in other obligate aerobes such as Acinetobacter baumannii (5, 11), Vibrio cholerae (4,15,17), and Alcaligenes xylosoxidans (7). Carbenicillinases also occur in members of the family Enterobacteriaceae at relatively low frequencies (20,24). In this study, we describe SCO-1, a novel plasmid-mediated class A enzyme with carbenicillinase characteristics, produced by Escherichia coli.Selection and properties of SCO-1-producing Escherichia coli. From a PCR-based screening using primers specific for various bla genes, including bla TEM , bla SHV , bla CARB , bla CTX-M , bla CMY , bla ACC , and bla OXA of oxyimino-cephalosporin-resistant E. coli isolates recovered from patients in Athens hospitals during 2000 to 2004, an isolate (EC-3521r) positive for bla ACC and also bla TEM was identified. E. coli EC-3521r was isolated in 2002 from a urine sample from a patient treated in a general hospital. Partial sequencing of the PCR products confirmed the identity of the bla genes (data not shown). A bla ACC -type cephalosporinase gene was detected for the first time in this setting. Thus, E. coli EC-3521r was studied further.MICs of ␤-lactam antibiotics were determined by an agar dilution technique. E. coli EC-3521r exhibited a ␤-lactam resistance phenotype consistent with the production of an ACCtype enzyme (2) ( Table 1). Analysis of the ␤-lactamase content by isoelectric focusing (IEF) of sonicated cell extracts indicated that the isolate produced three main ␤-lactamase species with pIs of 7.8 (corresponding to ACC-1 [2]), 5.4 (corresponding to TEM-1), and 5.8. The last band, along with TEM-1, was inhibited in situ by clavulanic acid (3 M).Conjugal transfer of bla SCO-1 and plasmid characterization. Mating experiments were performed in mixed broth cultures as described previously (10), using a rifampin-resistant E. coli K-...

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“…In addition, a new group of carbenicillinases, the RTG group, has been proposed, which includes RTG-1 (P. mirabilis GN79 enzyme), RTG-2 (CARB-5) and RTG-3. Although these three chromosomal enzymes show a low level of relatedness to members of the CARB family (44 %), they may be considered to be the ancestors of this enzymic group (Petroni et al, 2004). So far, four genotypes of bla CARB (bla CARB-1 , bla CARB-2 , bla CARB-3 and bla CARB-4 ) have been discovered in P. aeruginosa.…”

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confidence: 99%

A CARB-like β-lactamase gene from a multiple-drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate in China

Wang

et al. 2006

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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CARB-9, a Carbenicillinase Encoded in the VCR Region of Vibrio cholerae Non-O1, Non-O139 Belongs to a Family of Cassette-Encoded β-Lactamases

Cited by 37 publications

References 29 publications

Integrons: Past, Present, and Future

Integrons: Past, Present, and Future

SCO-1, a Novel Plasmid-Mediated Class A β-Lactamase with Carbenicillinase Characteristics from Escherichia coli

A CARB-like β-lactamase gene from a multiple-drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate in China

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