Carbaryl and Lindane Protect White Spruce from Attack by Spruce Beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) for Three Growing Seasons1

Werner, Richard A.; Hastings, Felton L.; Holsten, Edward H.; Jones, Alice S.

doi:10.1093/jee/79.4.1121

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Thus, several chemical insecticides have been tested in south-central Alaska with many protecting high-value spruce at campgrounds, administrative sites, and homes (Werner et al, 1986a). Results of tests generally indicate that numbers of spruce beetles can be reduced by 80% depending on the insecticide applied.…”

Section: Chemical Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although these insecticides initially showed low LD 50 (Werner et al, 1983c), permethrin was later found to have an adverse effect on aquatic organisms (Werner and Hilgert, 1992). Werner et al (1986a) found that carbaryl (1 and 2% Sevin SL) and lindane (0.5%) were extremely effective in protecting individual high value spruce. All three insecticide formulations provided 100% protection 16 months after treatment, and were 89-96% effective at the end of the third growing season following treatment (Werner et al, 1986b).…”

Section: Chemical Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spruce beetles and forest ecosystems in south-central Alaska: A review of 30 years of research

Werner

Holsten

Matsuoka

et al. 2006

Forest Ecology and Management

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100

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Section: Chemical Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chemical Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spruce beetles and forest ecosystems in south-central Alaska: A review of 30 years of research

Werner

Holsten

Matsuoka

et al. 2006

Forest Ecology and Management

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100

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“…It also establishes the efÞcacy of bifenthrin (Onyx) for this important use. We hope that forest health professionals and other resource managers use these data and other published reports to make informed, judicious decisions concerning the application of these tools on the basis of efÞcacy and persistence (Hall et al 1982;McCambridge 1982;Shea et al 1984;Gibson and Bennett 1985;Haverty et al 1985Haverty et al , 1997Haverty et al , 1998Page et al 1985;Werner et al 1986;Shea and McGregor 1987;Zhong et al 1995b;Hastings et al 2001;DeGomez et al 2006;Fettig et al 2006), toxicity (Ware 1994, Hastings et al 2001, safety , environmental concerns (Hoy and Shea 1981;Hastings et al 1998Hastings et al , 2001Dwyer et al 2005), and cost.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 1.0 and 2.0% rates were efÞcacious for 2 yr. In south central Alaska, Werner et al (1986) reported that carbaryl protected white spruce, Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, and Lutz spruce, Picea glauca ϫ lutzii Little, from attack by D. rufipennis for three Þeld seasons. Johnson (1996) indicated that 1.0 and 2.0% carbaryl (Sevimol) were effective for protecting P. engelmanii from D. rufipennis attack for 2 yr. Berisford et al (1981) reported that 2.0% carbaryl was ineffective for preventing attack by southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmerman, which later was linked to tolerance in that beetle associated with an efÞcient conversion of carbaryl into metabolites, and a rapid rate of excretion (Zhong et al 1995a).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Bifenthrin (Onyx) and Carbaryl (Sevin SL) for Protecting Individual, High-Value Conifers from Bark Beetle Attack (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in the Western United States

Fettig¹,

Allen²,

Borys³

et al. 2006

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High-value trees, such as those located in residential, recreational, or administrative sites, are particularly susceptible to bark beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) attack as a result of increased amounts of stress associated with drought, soil compaction, mechanical injury, or vandalism. Tree losses in these unique environments generally have a substantial impact. The value of these individual trees, cost of removal, and loss of esthetics may justify protection until the main thrust of a bark beetle infestation subsides. This situation emphasizes the need for ensuring that effective insecticides are available for individual tree protection. In this study, we assess the efficacy of bifenthrin (Onyx) and carbaryl (Sevin SL) for protecting: ponderosa pine, Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex. Laws., from western pine beetle, Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte, in California; mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins in South Dakota; and Ips spp. in Arizona; lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud., from D. ponderosae in Montana; pinyon, Pinus edulis Engelm. in Colorado and Pinus monophylla Torr. and Frem. in Nevada from pinyon ips, Ips confusus (LeConte); and Engelmann spruce, Picea engelmannii Parry ex. Engelm. from spruce beetle, Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby) in Utah. Few trees were attacked by Ips spp. in Arizona and that study was discontinued. Sevin SL (2.0%) was effective for protecting P. ponderosa, P. contorta, and P. monophylla for two field seasons. Estimates of efficacy could not be made during the second field season in P. edulis and P. engelmannii due to insufficient mortality in untreated, baited control trees. Two field seasons of efficacy was demonstrated in P. ponderosa/D. brevicomis and P. monophylla for 0.06% Onyx. We conclude that Onyx is an effective individual tree protection tool, but repeated annual applications may be required in some systems if multiyear control is desired.

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“…For example, 2.0% a.i. carbaryl protects white spruce, Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, and Lutz spruce, P. glauca X lutzii Little, from colonization by spruce beetle, Dendroctonus rufipennis Kirby, for three field seasons in south-central Alaska (Werner et al, 1986).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative timing of carbaryl treatments for protecting lodgepole pine from mortality attributed to mountain pine beetle

2015

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a b s t r a c tCarbaryl is regarded among the most effective, economically viable, and ecologically-compatible insecticides available for protecting conifers from bark beetle attack in the western United States. Treatments are typically applied in spring prior to initiation of bark beetle flight for that year. We evaluated the efficacy of spring and fall applications for protecting individual lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud, from mortality attributed to mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, the most notable forest insect pest in western North America. Both spring and fall treatments of 2.0% a.i. carbaryl (Sevin ® SL) were efficacious for two field seasons, while results from a third field season were inconclusive due to insufficient beetle pressure. We discuss the implications of these and other results to the management of D. ponderosae.Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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Carbaryl and Lindane Protect White Spruce from Attack by Spruce Beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) for Three Growing Seasons1

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Spruce beetles and forest ecosystems in south-central Alaska: A review of 30 years of research

Spruce beetles and forest ecosystems in south-central Alaska: A review of 30 years of research

Effectiveness of Bifenthrin (Onyx) and Carbaryl (Sevin SL) for Protecting Individual, High-Value Conifers from Bark Beetle Attack (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in the Western United States

Alternative timing of carbaryl treatments for protecting lodgepole pine from mortality attributed to mountain pine beetle

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