Carbofunctional silanes and polysiloxanes. Part I. Applications of carbofunctional silanes

Abstract

Streszczenie-Na podstawie danych literaturowych przedstawiono ogóln¹ charakterystykê oerodków wi¹¿¹cych-karbofunkcyjnych silanów (KFS) stanowi¹cych zwi¹zki o wzorze ogólnym XmRnSi(R'Y)4-m-n, gdzie R-grupa alkilowa (czêsto metylowa), R'-³añcuch alkilenowy, Y-grupa funkcyjna (np. Cl, NH2, NR2, OH, OCOR, NCO, CH2=CH, SH), X-grupa funkcyjna zdolna do hydrolizy (np. Cl, OH, OCOR), m = 1-3, n = 1-2, m + n = 3. Szczegó³owo omówiono równie¿ ró¿ne podstawowe dziedziny zastosowania KFS, takie jak modyfikacja w³aoeciwooeci nape³niaczy i polimerów, procesy zol-¿el oraz ochrona przed korozj¹. S³owa kluczowe: silanowe oerodki wi¹¿¹ce, karbofunkcyjne silany, silikony, modyfikacja polimerów, nape³niacze, nanonape³niacze, nanocz¹stki. CARBOFUNCTIONAL SILANES AND POLYSILOXANES. PART I. APPLICATIONS OF CARBO-FUNCTIONAL SILANES Summary-On the basis of literature data the general characteristics of binding agents, carbofunctional silanes (KFS) of general formula X m R n Si(R'Y) 4-m-n [where R-alkyl group (often methyl one), R'-alkylene chain, Y-functional group e.g. Cl, NH 2 , NR 2 , OH, OCOR, NCO, CH 2 =CH, SH, and X-functional group capable to hydrolysis e.g. Cl, OR, OCOR; m = 1-3, n = 1-2, m + n = 3] was presented. Various main areas of KFS applications such as modification of the properties of fillers or polymers, sol-gel processes and anticorrosion protection were discussed in detail.

Preparation of flexible, self‐extinguishing silicone foams

“…The SFs were prepared during simultaneously progressing crosslinking and foaming processes. The crosslinking process was based on the dehydrocondensation of hydroxyl‐terminated PDMS with the SiH groups of the crosslinking agent T‐3 (a branched PMHS), and it was catalyzed by TO7, 32, 36, 37 as follows: …”

“…Three kinds of polysiloxanes were used for the preparation of SFs: PDMSs with the formula HO(SiMe 2 O) n OH (dynamic viscosity = 1812 cP, number‐average molecular weight = 25 800 g/mol, weight‐average molecular weight = 43 340 g/mol, weight‐average molecular weight/number‐average molecular weight = 1.68; Polastosil M‐2000, Chemical Plant Silikony Polskie, Nowa Sarzyna, Poland). CFPSs [i.e., α,ω‐bis(hydroxypropyl)polydimethylsiloxanes] with the formula HO(CH 2 ) 3 (SiMe 2 O) n Si(CH 2 ) 3 OH, which were prepared from Polastosil M‐2000 by multistep synthesis 33, 34 Carbofunctional (in side chains) polysiloxanes with the general formula Me 3 SiO{[SiMe 2 O] x [(HOCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 )Si(Me)O] 10 } z SiMe 3 .…”

“…D‐17 was the product with x = 17, and D‐66 was the polysiloxane with x = 66. The method of preparation of these copolymers has already been presented 33, 34 …”

“…CFPSs [i.e., α,ω‐bis(hydroxypropyl)polydimethylsiloxanes] with the formula HO(CH 2 ) 3 (SiMe 2 O) n Si(CH 2 ) 3 OH, which were prepared from Polastosil M‐2000 by multistep synthesis 33, 34…”

“…The aim of this study was the preparation of flexible, self‐extinguishing SFs with a relatively low density (0.3–0.45 g/cm 3 ). They were obtained from mixtures of PDMSs, which were crosslinked at room temperature with branched polymethylhydrosiloxanes, in the presence of tin octoate (TO) as a catalyst 32. Some compositions were modified by the addition of linear or graft carbofunctional polysiloxanes (CFPSs).…”