Carbohydrate composition of Spanish unifloral honeys

Volatile Composition Screening of Salix spp. Nectar Honey: Benzenecarboxylic Acids, Norisoprenoids, Terpenes, and Others

“…All these compounds probably originated from Salix spp., a well known source of salicylic acid and its derivatives. However, the specific marker methyl salicylate was not found in contrast to the honeydew honey headspace and Spanish Salix nectar honey [8], although its shikimate pathway precursors (salicylic acid and benzoic acid) were found. Shikimate-pathway derivatives also seem [23] suitable to authenticate heather honeys (high phenylacetic and benzoic acid contents).…”

“…nectar and honeydew honey were noted such as the presence of b-damascenone, cis-jasmone, and phenylacetonitrile in nectar honey. On the other hand, methyl salicylate was found in the honeydew (1.8%), while it was not identified in the nectar honey samples from Croatia, although this compound was reported as characteristic for Spanish Salix nectar honey [8].…”

“…In a publication on rare Salix spp. nectar honey volatiles from Spain obtained by solid-phase microextraction (SPME) [8], phenylacetaldehyde, benzaldehyde, methyl salicylate, 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohepta-2,4-dien-1-one, and benzyl alcohol were reported as the major volatiles. trans,cis-Abscisic acid and trans,trans-abscisic acid were detected in willow honey extracts from New Zealand [9] obtained by liquid/liquid extraction, and subsequent methylation of the obtained extract provided degraded-carotenoid-like substances 2-methoxy-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-ene-1,4-dione and 4-(3-oxobut-1-enylidene)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one.…”

“…Benzene-derived compounds, ubiquitous in all honeys, were also present: benzaldehyde (4.2 -6.7%), benzyl alcohol (0.2 -0.6%), phenylacetaldehyde (1.0 -2.1%), and 2-phenylethanol (1.4 -2.9%). Phenylacetaldehyde and benzaldehyde were major headspace compounds of Salix honey from Spain [8]. Of the overall number of identified compounds, 30 were exclusive for headspace, particularly lowmolecular-weight compounds such as 3-methylpentan-1-ol, as well as terpenes cisjasmone, epoxylinalool, terpinen-4-ol, three isomers of lilac alcohols, one isomer of lilac aldehyde and others ( Table 1).…”

Characterization of Traditional Korean Unifloral Honey Based on the Mono-, Di-, and Trisaccharides

“…3의 t R 37.064분대의 피크는 대부분의 벌꿀과 잡화꿀 시료에서 inulobiose 보다 다소 작은 함량을 가지고 mass spectra 도 유사하여, 해당 피크를 inulobiose (E)로 추정하고, t R 37.305분 대의 피크는 inulobiose (Z)로 판단하였으나, 밤꿀에서 t R 37.064분 대의 피크가 t R 37.305분대의 피크에 비해 함량이 매우 작거나, 검출되지 않는 수준으로 (E)/(Z) ratio가 일정하지 않아, 미확인 당 으로 추정하였으며, mass spectra의 특성으로 보아 2개의 fructose 로 구성된 당으로 판단된다. 그리고 t R 42.935분대와 t R 43.564분대의 당류는 이전의 보고 (9,11,19,20)에서 t R 의 분리 패턴과 벌꿀에서의 함량 분포가 RuizMatute 등(10)이 제공한 mass spectra와 본 연구에서 분리된 trehalulose (E)와 (Z)의 spectra가 동일함을 나타내어, 최종적으로 trehalulose로 확인하였으며, 그 함량은 피크 패턴이 유사한 palatinose (Z)로 정량하였다. …”