Carbohydrate Export from the Leaf: A Highly Regulated Process and Target to Enhance Photosynthesis and Productivity

Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.; Bush, Daniel R.

doi:10.1104/pp.110.167684

Cited by 345 publications

(236 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…As previously reported (Ainsworth et al 2004(Ainsworth et al , 2011Ribeiro et al 2012), the up-regulating in A i was attributed to the increase of sink demand by both bloom and pod formation processes ( Figure 6). However, it is …”

Section: Total Non-structural Carbohydrate Partitioning Vs Source-sisupporting

confidence: 61%

“…The A i increase observed through the phenological stages of transition, i.e., at 45 DAE, may be related to the growing demand of photoassimilates caused by the emergence of blooms and pod formations (Figures 4b,e;6a,b). As stated by other authors, the photosynthesis dynamics seems to be controlled by the source-sink relationship, i.e., any increase in carbohydrates demand by sink tissues tends to increase the photosynthesis in source leaves as well (Ainsworth et al 2004(Ainsworth et al , 2011Ribeiro et al 2012). At the beginning of bloom, the plant growth rates were at high levels and only 20% of total aboveground dry matter (DM) and 66% of final plants height (H) had been achieved (Figures 3a,c,d,f ).…”

Section: Effects Of Water Deficit On Photosynthetic Productionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Source-sink relationships in two soybean cultivars with indeterminate growth under water deficit

Silva¹,

Filho

Sales

et al. 2018

Bragantia

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Water deficit is a major factor limiting crop yield in rainfed areas. We hypothesized that under water deficit the decrease of photosynthetic production stimulates: carbohydrate remobilization from leaves, stems and roots to reproductive organs; and decreasing flowering intensity and pod development. The present work aims to study the effect of water deficit during bloom and grain pod-filling stages in two indeterminate soybean cultivar, and seeds per plant. The fact that grain yield was less affected by water deficit at bloom than at grain pod-filling stage was attributed to larger seeds found at bloom. In both treatments, a sharp reduction on carbohydrate content was found in leaves, stem and roots at the beginning of pod formation. The high amounts of carbohydrates remobilized for seed growth, along with the high values of A i observed in well-watered plants, indicate that grain yield of soybeans is source rather than sink limited. On the other hand, in water deficit treatments, a new stimulus for carbohydrate storage was found in the leaves and stem at the beginning of grain maturity, suggesting that grain yield was limited by sink capacity.

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Section: Total Non-structural Carbohydrate Partitioning Vs Source-sisupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Effects Of Water Deficit On Photosynthetic Productionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Source-sink relationships in two soybean cultivars with indeterminate growth under water deficit

Silva¹,

Filho

Sales

et al. 2018

Bragantia

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“…Low sucrose concentration could be partially explained by receding export of carbohydrates from the leaves to the phloem for production of reserves under dry conditions [35]. Low carbohydrate concentrations may sometimes occur as a result of limited carbon assimilation and stomatal control under drought [36].…”

Section: δ 13 C Values and Concentrations Of Carbohydrates And Organimentioning

confidence: 99%

Compound-Specific Carbon Isotopes and Concentrations of Carbohydrates and Organic Acids as Indicators of Tree Decline in Mountain Pine

Churakova

Lehmann

Saurer

et al. 2018

Forests

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Abstract:We investigated seasonal variations in δ 13 C values and concentrations of carbohydrates and organic acids in needles of declining and healthy mountain pine (Pinus mugo ssp. uncinata (DC.) Domin) trees from the Swiss National Park (SNP), using compound-specific isotopes analysis (CSIA). Our goal was to study the impact of climatic drivers on the individual compounds and understand the reasons of partial tree declines in relation to healthy mountain pine trees under seasonal weather patterns. We found that temperature is the main climatic driver determining the seasonal carbon dynamics at the needle level. Lower seasonal δ 13 C variability and lower concentration levels of sucrose in needles suggest less photosynthetic activity and sink carbon demand in declining compared to healthy mountain pine trees. Higher concentration levels of hexose (glucose and fructose) can play a reserve function for surviving mechanisms of mountain pine trees. Seasonal patterns of organic acid (malate and citrate) suggest an increasing investment in maintenance and repair mechanisms. The seasonal course of carbohydrates and organic acids can therefore be considered an indicator for a modified carbon metabolism within the leaves and possibly within the other tree tissues, partially explaining the decline of mountain pine trees.

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“…In species with apoplasmic phloem loading, it is generally assumed that the SUT-facilitated pumping of Suc into the SECCC directly influences source strength (Ainsworth and Bush, 2011). Reduced expression or knock-out of the phloem-loading SUT leads to Suc accumulation, while overexpression can lead to increased source strength (Dasgupta et al, 2014).…”

Section: Sut Expression Does Not Always Correspond To Phloem Loadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Sucrose Transporters and Phloem Loading in Response to Environmental Cues

et al. 2017

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Suc transporters (SUTs) play a key role in the allocation and partitioning of photosynthetically fixed carbon in plants. While a function could be assigned to many members of the SUT family, almost no information is available on their regulation. Here, the transcriptional regulation of SUTs in response to various environmental stimuli in the leaves of five dicots (Arabidopsis Extensive data on expression of SUTs in relation to changes of environmental conditions were obtained through a global analysis of 168 transcriptomics data sets. Results were validated by quantitative PCR measurements and extended by the measurement of photosynthesis rate and phloem sugar content to draw insight on the correlation of SUT expression and sugar export from leaves. For the apoplasmic phloem loaders, a clear difference in transcriptional regulation in response to different environmental stimuli was observed. The consistent patterns of SUT expression under abiotic stress indicates which types of SUTs are involved in the regulation of leaf sugar status and in stress signaling. Furthermore, it is shown that down-regulation of phloem loading is likely to be caused by transcriptional regulation of SUTs, while up-regulation depends on post-transcriptional regulation. In poplar, expression of PtaSUT4 was found to consistently respond to environmental stimuli, suggesting a significant role in the regulation of sugar export from leaves in this passive symplasmic phloem loader.

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Carbohydrate Export from the Leaf: A Highly Regulated Process and Target to Enhance Photosynthesis and Productivity

Cited by 345 publications

References 51 publications

Source-sink relationships in two soybean cultivars with indeterminate growth under water deficit

Source-sink relationships in two soybean cultivars with indeterminate growth under water deficit

Compound-Specific Carbon Isotopes and Concentrations of Carbohydrates and Organic Acids as Indicators of Tree Decline in Mountain Pine

Regulation of Sucrose Transporters and Phloem Loading in Response to Environmental Cues

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