CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM STUDIES ON THE TESTIS OF RATS FED CERTAIN NITROFURANS<sup>1</sup>

Paul, Henry; Paul, Mary F.; Kopko, F.; Bender, Raymond C.; Everett, George A.

doi:10.1210/endo-53-6-585

Cited by 61 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Hexose transport appears to be rate-limiting for energy metabolism in some tissues (Elbrink & Bihler, 1975) and dependence of the testes on glucose as a metabolic substrate is well known (Waites & Setchell, 1964;Paul, Paul, Kopko, Bender & Everett, 1953). The importance of glucose transport in bovine spermatozoa has been shown (Hupakka & Hammerstedt, 1978), and spermatid metabolism is also known to be dependent upon temperature because several metabolic activities proceed more rapidly at 34 than at 37°C (Nakamura & Hall, 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of temperature on hexose transport by round spermatids of rats

Hall

Nakamura

1981

Reproduction

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of temperature on hexose transport by round spermatids of rats

Hall

Nakamura

1981

Reproduction

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“…Testicular degeneration associated with aliphatic fluorine-containing compounds was first described by Mazzanti et al (1964) in experiments with fluoroacetamide. In these and subsequent experiments using fluoroacetate, Mazzanti et al (1965) (Paul, Paul, Kopko, Bender & Everett, 1953;Uematsu, 1966;Husain, Seth & Chandra, 1976 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of fluoroacetate on the testis of the rat

Sullivan¹,

Smith²,

Garman³

1979

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“…The formation of protein adducts may be involved in certain adverse effects of nitrofurans such as the irreversible inhibition of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, which is responsible for the conversion of pyruvate into acetyl-CoA, which is essential in the case of nerve cells (Paul et al, 1952(Paul et al, , 1953. In pig hepatocytes, this resulted in the accumulation of lactate in the culture medium, an effect from which the cells only slowly recovered (Hoogenboom et al, 1991a).…”

Section: Modes Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on nitrofurans and their metabolites in food

Panel¹

2015

EFS2

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Nitrofurans are antimicrobial agents not authorised for use in food-producing animals in the European Union. Nitrofurans are rapidly metabolised, occurring in animal tissues as protein-bound metabolites. The European Commission requested EFSA to provide a scientific opinion on the risks to human health related to the presence of nitrofurans in food and whether a reference point for action (RPA) of 1.0 µg/kg for the marker metabolites is adequate to protect public health. Data on occurrence of nitrofuran marker metabolites in food were extracted from the national residue monitoring plan results and from the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF). The CONTAM Panel concluded that these data were too limited to carry out a reliable human dietary exposure assessment. Instead, human dietary exposure was calculated for a scenario in which a single nitrofuran marker metabolite is present at 1.0 µg/kg in foods of animal origin, excluding milk and dairy products. The mean chronic dietary exposure for this worst-case scenario would range from 3.3 to 8.0 and 1.9 to 4.3 ng/kg b.w. per day for toddlers and adults, respectively. Nitrofurans and their marker metabolites, generally, are genotoxic and carcinogenic and, also, have non-neoplastic effects in animals. Margins of exposure (MOEs) were calculated at 2.0 × 10 5 or greater for carcinogenicity and at 2.5 × 10 3 or greater for non-neoplastic effects. The CONTAM Panel concluded that it is unlikely that exposure to food contaminated with nitrofuran marker metabolites at or below 1.0 µg/kg is a health concern. A scenario in which foods are considered to be contaminated with semicarbazide, from use of carrageenan as a food additive, at 1 µg/kg was used to assess whether it is appropriate to apply the RPA to foods of non-animal origin; MOEs of greater than 10 4 calculated for nonneoplastic effects do not indicate a health concern.© European Food Safety Authority, 2015 However, the opinion also identified certain categories of non-allowed pharmacologically active substances that are considered to be outside the scope of the procedure, including substances that are high potency carcinogens, such as nitrofurans. As nitrofurans are excluded from that opinion, and taking into account that the presence of SEM in food may be from sources other than use of nitrofurazone, the European Commission (EC) requested the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) for a scientific opinion on the risks to human health related to the presence of nitrofurans and their metabolites in food. The opinion should include (a) an evaluation of the toxicity of nitrofurans and their metabolites for humans, considering all relevant toxicological endpoints and identification of the toxicological relevance of nitrofurans and their metabolites present in food, and (b) an exposure assessment of the EU population to nitrofurans and their metabolites from food, including the consumption patterns of specific (vulnerable) groups of the population. In addition, the opinion should assess the appropriateness of...

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CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM STUDIES ON THE TESTIS OF RATS FED CERTAIN NITROFURANS¹

Cited by 61 publications

References 0 publications

Influence of temperature on hexose transport by round spermatids of rats

Influence of temperature on hexose transport by round spermatids of rats

Effects of fluoroacetate on the testis of the rat

Scientific Opinion on nitrofurans and their metabolites in food

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CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM STUDIES ON THE TESTIS OF RATS FED CERTAIN NITROFURANS1

Cited by 61 publications

References 0 publications

Influence of temperature on hexose transport by round spermatids of rats

Influence of temperature on hexose transport by round spermatids of rats

Effects of fluoroacetate on the testis of the rat

Scientific Opinion on nitrofurans and their metabolites in food

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM STUDIES ON THE TESTIS OF RATS FED CERTAIN NITROFURANS¹